Ndianiko mago akajairika: kuzivana nenyava huru ine mitsetse
Imwe yemhando inonakidza yewap ihornet. Iyi ndiyo mhando huru mumhuri iyi. Zita rechipiri rezvipembenene ndiro mapapiro ane mapapiro.
Zviri mukati
Common hornet: mufananidzo
Tsanangudzo yehornet
zita: Hornet
Ratini: WaspKirasi: Zvipembenene - Insecta
Chikwata: Hymenoptera - Hymenoptera
Mhuri: Mavuva chaiwo - Vespidae
 | Nzvimbo dzekugara: | kwose kwose |
 | Zviratidzo: | saizi yakakura, kuruma |
 | Kubatsira kana kukuvadza: | inorwisa zvipembenene, inodya michero, inoparadza nyuchi |
Hornet ndiyo nyundo huru inogara muEurope. Ukuru hwemunhu anoshanda hunobva pa18 kusvika ku24 mm, ukuru hwechibereko hunobva pa25 kusvika ku35 mm. Mukuona, vakadzi nevarume vanhu vakafanana zvikuru. Kunyange zvazvo pane misiyano.
Hornet.
Murume ane zvikamu gumi nezvitatu pamasheche uye 13 padumbu. Mukadzi ane 7 pamasheche uye 12 padumbu. Mapapiro acho akajeka uye maduku. Ivo vari pedyo nekuseri pakuzorora. Meso akatsvuka-orenji ane yakadzika "C" slit. Pane mvere dzakakora pamuviri.
Zvikara zvinoruma uye kubvambura mhuka yadzo neshaya dzadzo. Zviri mukati mechepfu zvakakura zvakapetwa ka2 pane zvewambowo zvake. Kurumwa kunokonzera kurwadziwa kwakanyanya uye kuzvimba kunopfuurira kwemazuva mazhinji. Zvipembenene izvi zvinowanikwa mukati sango rakasvibira.
Habitat
Kune marudzi makumi maviri nematatu etwupembenene. Pakutanga, East Asia chete ndiyo yaive nzvimbo yekugara. Zvisinei, nekuda kwevanhu, vakatokunda North America neCanada, pasinei nokuti ivo vanogara vanogara munzvimbo dzinopisa.
Iyo yakajairika hornet inogara kuEurope, North America, Kazakhstan, Ukraine. MuRussian Federation, vanogona kuwanikwa kusvika kumuganhu neEurope. Chipembenene chinogarawo kumatunhu ekuchamhembe nekumabvazuva kweChina.
Zvakakosha kucherechedza kuti rudzi urwu rwewavi rwakaunzwa netsaona kuNorth America nevafambisi vechikepe vekuEurope pakati pezana ramakore re19.
Musiyano kubva kumavu
Hornet uye mavu.
Zvimiro zvakakura uye nape yakakurisa zvinosiyanisa rudzi urwu. Vanewo ruvara rwakasiyana. Musana, dumbu, nyanga dzemahoneti dzine bhurawuni, uye dziya dzewasp inhema. Zvikasadaro, vane chimiro chemuviri chakafanana, chiuno chitete, kuruma, uye shaya yakasimba.
Hunhu hwezvipembenene hwakasiyanawo. Hornets hombe hadzina hutsinye semavu. Dzinotanga kurwisa padzinosvika dendere radzo. Kutya kwakasimba muvanhu kunokonzerwa nehukuru hunokatyamadza uye ruzha runotyisa.
Kutenderera kwehupenyu
Chizvarwa chose chegomba guru chinobva kuna mambokadzi mumwe chete.
Muchirimo, anotsvaga pekutangira kuvaka chizvarwa chitsva. Mambokadzi anogadzira mizinga yekutanga iye pachake. Pave paya, mambokadzi anokandira mazai mairi. Mushure memazuva mashoma, makonye anooneka anoda chikafu chemhuka.
Hadzi inobata makonye, zvipembenene, mashavishavi, nezvimwe zvipembenene kuti zvipe vana vayo zvokudya. Gonye rakura rinobuda roita pupa. Mushure memazuva gumi nemana, mudiki uyu anotsenga nemukoko.
Pakati pezhizha, vakadzi vanoshanda nevarume vanokura. Vanozadza mizinga yeuchi, vanounza mapuroteni kumapere. Chibereko hachichabvi pamba chichikandira mazai.
Nguva yekurarama ipfupi. Zvipembenene zvinokura pakupera kwezhizha, asi munaGunyana chikamu chakakosha chinofa. Vanhu vanopona vanogona kutambanudza kusvika kutonhora kwekutanga.
Gunyana ndiyo nhamba yepamusoro yehuwandu hwevanhu. Mambokadzi anokandira mazai paanenge kekupedzisira kukandira. Vanhukadzi vanobuda kubva kwavari, izvo zvinozova vahosi vatsva.
Vanhu vekare vanowanwa vane maovari akagadziridzwa. Mabasa avo anodzvinyirirwa nemapheromones emambokadzi. Vana vadiki vanozambira mumukoko nemate. Urume hunowanikwa mukudonha hunochengeterwa kugadzira chizvarwa chitsva. Mushure mekusangana, murume anogona kurarama kusvika mazuva manomwe. Mai mudhara vari kudzingwa.
Hornets munguva yechando
Hornet.
Vazhinji vavo vanofa chando chisati chasvika. Hadzi dzakaberekeswa dzinorarama dziri diki. Nekuvhima, vanozadzazve simba rekuchengetedza. Nguva yemasikati inoderera uye diapause inoitika. Mune iyi mamiriro, pane kunonoka mune metabolic maitiro mumuviri.
Vanogona overwinter munzvimbo dzakavanda. Vanohwanda kubva kuchando nevavengi vavo. Hadzi dziri pasi pemakwati emiti. Kudzika kukuru kunopa mukana mukuru wekupona. Vanogonawo kugara mumiti isina makomba, mikaha mudura uye mudenga remba.
Vanhukadzi vanomuka muna Chivabvu patembiricha inosvika 10 degrees Celsius.
Kudya
Hofori makwava zvipembenene omnivorous. Dzakanaka pakuvhima. Zvisinei, vanodawo kudya kwezvirimwa. Kudya kwavo kunosanganisira:
- nectar;
- muto wepikisi yakapfava, peari, apuro;
- michero - raspberries, blackberries, strawberries;
- aphid secretions.
Hornet nemhuka.
Zvipembenene zvinowanzodya makonye azvo. Hornets dzevashandi dzinodyisa vana vavo nemadandemutande, centipedes, uye makonye. Shaya dzine simba dzinobvarura mhuka uye kudya mapuroteni kuna mambokadzi nemakonye. Chibereko chinochida kukandira mazai.
Zvipembenene zvinogona kupedza mukoko wese wenyuchi. Mago anoparadza zvirimwa zvehuchi zvinenge makumi matatu. Mhando dzinodya dzinodya 30 g dzezvipembenene.
Lifestyle
Hazvikurudzirwi kuita kamwe-kamwe mafambiro uye kuzunungusa dendere. Zvakare, usauraye mavu pedyo nemukoko, sezvo munhu ari kufa anotumira chiratidzo chealarm uye anokurudzira kurwisa.
Kuvaka dendere
Hornet dendere.
Kugadzira dendere, hornets inosarudza nzvimbo yakavanzika inodzivirirwa kubva kune dhizaini. Tupembenene vagadziri vakanakisa. Vanokwanisa kugadzira dzimba dzakasiyana.
Mukuvaka, birch kana ash huni inoshandiswa. Yakanyorova nemate. Kumusoro kwedendere kwakafanana nekadhibhodhi kana mapepa ane makora. Iyo yakagadzirwa inowedzera pasi. Mumizinga yehuchi mune maseru mazana mashanu. Muvara wekoko unobatwa nehuni. Kazhinji kazhinji ine ruvara rwebrown.
hornet sting
Bite zvinokonzera chirwere chinorwadza uye chinokanganisa. Migumisiro yacho inokonzerwa nemhando yezvipembenene uye kusashivirira kwemunhu kune chepfu. Zviratidzo zvekutanga zvekurumwa kutsvuka, kuzvimba, kurwadziwa, kupisa kwakanyanya, uye kusashanda zvakanaka.
Nezviratidzo zvakadaro, kutonhora kunotonhora kunoshandiswa uye antihistamine inotorwa. Dzimwe nguva zviratidzo zvinoonekwa mushure mechinguva. Zvakakosha kutarisa mamiriro ehutano uye nzvimbo yekurumwa.
mhedziso
Hornets inoita basa rakakura mune zvakasikwa. Vanoparadza zvipembenene. Zvisinei, vanokwanisa kukuvadza michero, kupamba apiaries, kudya nyuchi uye uchi. Kuparadzwa kwedendere hakuna ngozi kuvanhu. Pasina chikonzero chakajeka, haufaniri kubvisa mukoko.
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