Whiteflies: 12 mapikicha ezvipembenene uye nzira dzekubvisa zvipembenene zvidiki

Whitefly inotaridzika sei (mufananidzo)

Tsanangudzo yezvipembenene

zita: whiteflies
Ratini: Aleyrodidae

Kirasi: Zvipembenene - chipembenene
Chikwata: Hemiptera - Hemiptera
Mhuri: whiteflies

	Nzvimbo dzekugara:	munzvimbo yese, kusanganisira nzvimbo dzakapoteredzwa
	Nengozi kune:	miriwo, michero uye michero
	Nzira dzekuparadza:	makemikari, nzira dzevanhu

Whiteflies imhuri yezvipembenene zviduku zvinobhururuka zvinosanganisira zvinopfuura 1500 marudzi. Zita resainzi rewhiteflies, aleurodids, rinobva pashoko rechiGiriki rekuti "aleuron", rinoreva "furawa".

Kuonekwa kwewhiteflies

Nhunzi chena yakazorora.

Whiteflies ndeyeboka rezvipembenene zvehomoptera. Vane mapapiro maviri maviri akafukidzwa nejira jena. Pamusoro pepamusoro panogona kunge kune maitiro mumhando yemavara madema. Pakuzorora, nhunzi chena dzinopeta mapapiro adzo dzakachinjika nemuviri wadzo.

Muviri wezvipembenene haupfuuri 2-3 mm pakureba uye 0,3-0,7 mm muhupamhi. Ruvara rwayo, zvichienderana nemhando, inogona kuva yakachena kana tsvuku-yero ine mavara matema.

Kubereka zvinhu

Mumwe mukadzi mukuru, pasi pemamiriro akanaka, anokwanisa kukandira kusvika mazana matatu mazai. Nguva yekuberekesa zvipembenene inotanga nekuuya kwemamiriro ekunze anodziya. Mugore, nhamba yezvizvarwa zve whiteflies inogona kusvika kusvika ku3.

Kukura kwezvipembenene hakuna kukwana uye inosanganisira matanho anotevera:

• evha;
• mhasuru dzinofamba dzezera rekutanga, dzine mapeya matanhatu emakumbo uye antennae;
• immobile larvae yeII uye III instars ine atrophied makumbo uye antennae;
• IV instar larvae kana pseudopupae;
• imago kana munhu mukuru.

Mararamiro uye kudya

Vanhu vakuru vezvipembenene chena vanonyanya kuita kubereka, asi mhute dzeI-III instars dzine chishuwo chakanaka uye dzinopedza yakawanda yenguva yavo pamusoro pezvirimwa zvefodhi. Hwaro hwekudya kwavo muto wemiriwo. Zvipembenene izvi ndizvo zvine ngozi zvikuru kune zvirimwa zvinotevera:

Mhando dzakawanda dzewhiteflies

Pakati pehuwandu hukuru hwewhiteflies, dzakawanda Pane 5 mhando huru:

• greenhouse kana greenhouse whitefly, inokuvadza makomkomere, madomasi uye mamwe maruva;
• citrus whitefly, iyo inokonzera njodzi yakakomba kumiti yemhando imwe chete;
• strawberry whitefly ipukanana ine ngozi kune sitiroberi, mastrawberries emusango nemimwe miti yerudzi urwu;
• kabichi whitefly inodya jisi ye celandine, milkweed nemimwe miriwo, uye inogonawo kukonzera kukanganisa kwakakomba kune kabichi;
• nhubu yefodya, iyo inonyanya kupararira munyika yose uye inoshandisa muto wemarudzi akasiyana-siyana emiti kudya.

nzvimbo yezvipembenene

Mhando dzakasiyana dzewhiteflies dzinowanikwa munzvimbo dzinotevera:

Zvipembenene izvi zvinosarudza kugara munzvimbo dzinodziya uye dzine hunyoro. Huwandu hwepamusoro hwevanhu uye marudzi enhunzi chena dzinogona kuwanikwa munyika dzine mamiriro ekunze anopisa uye anopisa.

Chipembenene chidiki chinogarawo nemufaro mumakamuri umo mamiriro akakodzera ayo akagadzirwa nemunhu, semuenzaniso:

Zviratidzo zvekuonekwa kwewhiteflies

Whiteflies idiki kwazvo uye haisi nyore kuona. Kazhinji kazhinji, vanozvipa ivo pachavo nekuda kwekuonekwa kwemavara emhando pamiti yakakanganisika. Zviratidzo zvekuvapo uye kuita kwechipembenene ichi zvinogona kunge zvinotevera:

• chikamu chezasi chemashizha emuti wacho chakafukidzwa nemarara ezvipembenene zvinoshanduka, zvakafanana nezvikero;
• kutaridzika pazvikamu zvakasiyana zvemiti yemucheka wakanamatira kana iyo inonzi "dova rouchi";
• kukuvadzwa kweshizha nesoot fungus;
• kutsvuka uye kupeta kwemashizha;
• kunonoka kukura nekukura kwechirimwa.

Zvikonzero zvekuonekwa pamiti

Kazhinji, zvipembenene zvinokuvadza zvirimwa zvisingagamuchire kutarisirwa kwakakodzera kana kuti ine immune system isina simba. Pane zvikonzero zvakati wandei zvekuonekwa kwewhiteflies.

Whitefly Kudzora Nzira

Whitefly inobata zvirimwa zvinokura kunze nemukati memba. Nekuda kwekuti mamiriro ekudzivirira zvipembenene anogona kunge akasiyana, nzira dzinogona kusiyana zvakanyanya kubva kune mumwe. Zvisinei, sezvazvakaita nezvimwe zvipembenene zvakawanda, nzira dzose dzinogona kukamurwa kuita mapoka makuru matatu:

• kushandiswa kwemakemikari anokosha;
• mechanical nzira dzekudzivirira zvipembenene;
• vanhu mabikirwo.

11 nzira dzekuuraya whitefly

mhedziso

Madiki madiki ewhiteflies haafanire kukuvadza zvirimwa, asi kurwisa zvipembenene zvine mapapiro hakufanirwe kumiswa kusvika gare gare. Tupukanana utwu tunoberekana nekukasika. Mumwedzi mishomanana, nhamba yavo inogona kuwedzera nekamazana anoverengeka, uye zvadaro ichaita ngozi huru pakukohwa kwomunguva yemberi.