Chipembere chipembere gonye uye munhu mukuru ane nyanga mumusoro
Iyo Coleoptera kurongeka inoonekwa seyakasiyana zvakanyanya uye inotora chinzvimbo chekutungamira muhuwandu hwezvipenyu munyika yemhuka. Maererano nedatha yepamutemo, boka iri rezvipembenene rinosanganisira zviuru mazana matatu nemakumi mapfumbamwe ezvipembenene zvakasiyana zvinogara pasi, uye mazhinji acho zvisikwa zvakasiyana.
Zviri mukati
Rhinoceros nyuchi: mufananidzo
Chipembere chii
zita: Common rhinoceros beetle
Ratini: Oryctes nasicornisKirasi: Zvipembenene - chipembenene
Chikwata: Coleoptera - Coleoptera
Mhuri: Lamellar - Scarabaeidae
 | Nzvimbo dzekugara: | kwose kwose, munzvimbo dzinodziya |
 | Nengozi kune: | mabhenefiti, anodzokorodza zvakasara |
 | Nzira dzekuparadza: | hazvidi kuparadzwa |
Chipembere chipembere chimwe chenhengo dzinonyanya kuzivikanwa dzemhuri ye lamellar bete. Vamiririri verudzi urwu vakaoma kuvhiringidza chero munhu, nokuti ivo Chinhu chikuru chinosiyanisa kureba kwakakombama kukura mumusoro, kunoyeuchidza zvakanyanya muchimiro chenyanga yechipembere. Izvi ndizvo zvinoita kuti zvipembenene zverudzi urwu zvinonzi rhinoceros beetles.
Chitarisiko uye chimiro chemuviri werhinoceros beetle
| Kukura kwemuviri uye chimiro | Muviri wemunhu mukuru werhinoceros beetle unogona kusvika kureba 2,5-4,5 cm. Muvara unotungamirirwa nematoni ebrown uye dzimwe nguva ane tsvuku tsvuku. Pamusoro pemusoro, pronotum uye elytra nguva dzose ine hunhu hunopenya. Chimiro chemuviri chakapamhama, uye chikamu chayo chepamusoro chine convex. |
| Musoro | Musoro mudiki uye wakaumbwa kunge gonyonhatu. Antennae nemeso zviri pamativi. Iyo antennae ine zvikamu gumi uye ine lamellar kirabhu kumagumo, hunhu hwemhuri yayo. |
| Nyanga yeBete | Pakati, mumhino yemusoro, pane nyanga refu yakakombama. Ichi chikamu chemuviri chakanyatsogadzirwa muvarume chete. Panguva imwecheteyo, havashandisi sechombo chekudzivirira kana kurwa panguva yekubatana, uye chinangwa chenhengo inopenya yakadaro inoramba isingazivikanwi. Kana dziri hadzi, kachubhu kadiki chete kanooneka panzvimbo yenyanga. |
| Wings | Chipembere chipembere chine mapapiro akakura zvakanaka uye zvisinei nemuviri waro unorema, zvipembenene izvi zvinokwanisa kubhururuka zvakanaka. Munguva yekuedza kwesainzi, zvakaratidzwa kuti ivo vanokwanisa kuenderera mberi nendege pamusoro pechinhambwe chinosvika 50 km. Panguva imwecheteyo, masayendisiti anogutsikana kuti, akapiwa chimiro chemuviri wavo uye mitemo yose iripo yeaerodynamics, rhinoceros beetle haifaniri kubhururuka. |
| Paws | Mitezo yebete yerhinoceros ine simba. Makumbo maviri epamberi akagadzirirwa kuchera uye saka akashongedzerwa nehupamhi, shins dzakatsetseka, uye mazino ehunhu pamwe nekunze kwekunze. Iyo tibiae yepakati uye yepashure peya zvakare yakawedzera zvishoma uye serrated. Pamakumbo emakumbo matatu emakumbo pane makumbo akareba uye akasimba. |
Rhinoceros beetle gonye
Mwana achangoberekwa rhinoceros beetle larva inosvika pakureba kwe 2-3 cm chete, asi nekuda kwekudya kunoshingaira, mukati memakore akawanda inokura kusvika pakukura kunoshamisa. Panguva yekuzvimba, kureba kwemuviri wayo kunogona kutosvika 8-11 cm.
Mararamiro echipembere
Zvipembere zvevakuru hazvirarame kwenguva refu - kubva pamwedzi miviri kusvika ku2. Mumamiriro ekunze akasiyana, kutiza kwavo kunotanga mukupera kwechirimo kana pakati pezhizha.
Basa guru reimago nderekusiya vana.
Chipembere chechipembere.
Mamwe masayendisiti anopokana kuti zvipembenene panguva ino hazvidye, asi zvinongoshandisa zvakachengetwa zvakaunganidzwa panguva yelarval.
Chiitiko chebeetle chinoitika panguva yerubvunzavaeni nehusiku. Dzimwe nguva, “zvipembere,” kufanana nezvimwe zvipembenene zvousiku, zvinobhururuka zvichienda kunzvimbo dzine chiedza chakajeka. Masikati, zvipembenene zvinowanzovanda mumakomba emiti kana pamusoro pevhu.
Nguva pfupi mushure mekusangana nekukandira mazai, zvipembere zvakura zvinofa. Zvipembenene zvinosiya oviposition yavo padyo nenzvimbo yakakodzera yekudya:
- zvigutsa zvakaora;
- mirwi yendove;
- makomba emacompost;
- sawdust;
- hunde dzemuti dzakaora;
- hollow
Kudya kwegonye kunonyanya kusanganisira zvisaririra zvemiti, makwenzi uye zvinomera zvinomera zviri kuora. Dzimwe nguva vanogona kuchinjira kumidzi mhenyu, izvo zvinokonzeresa kukuvadza kune zvinotevera zvirimwa:
- maruva;
- mapichisi;
- mazambiringa;
- apricots
Kugovera nzvimbo
Uwandu hwezvipembere zvipembenene zvinofukidza nzvimbo zhinji dzekumabvazuva kwehemisphere. Vamiriri verudzi urwu vanogona kuwanikwa munzvimbo dzinotevera uye nyika:
- Central uye Southern Europe;
- North Africa;
- Asia Minor neCentral Asia;
- Northeast Turkey;
- Middle lane;
- Maodzanyemba matunhu Russia;
- Western Siberia;
- Maodzanyemba kwakadziva kumadokero kweChina neIndia;
- Kuchamhembe kweKazakhstan.
Mamiriro chete eBritish Isles, nzvimbo dzekuchamhembe kweRussia, Iceland uye nyika dzeScandinavia dzakazove dzisina kukodzera hupenyu hwezvipembenene zverudzi urwu.
Habitat
Pakutanga, “zvipembere” zvaingogara mumasango ane miti mitema, asi nekuda kwekuchinja kunoitika munyika, vaifanira kupfuura nepavaigara. Parizvino, rhinoceros nyuchi dzinogona kuwanikwa mune mamwe marudzi enzvimbo uye pedyo nevanhu.
Nzvimbo dzakanaka:
- Forest shelterbelts;
- steppes;
- semi-deerts;
- taiga.
Pedyo nevanhu
- greenhouses;
- greenhouses;
- mirwi yendove;
- makomba ecompost.
Chirevo chechipembere chipembere muzvarirwo
Bete rine nyanga mumusoro.
Rhinoceros beetle makonye haawanzodya pane zvikamu zvezvirimwa zvipenyu uye anozviita chete kana pasina kumwe kudya. Naizvozvo, havasi tupukanana uye kukuvadza kwavo kunorimwa zvinomera zviri ega nyaya. Sayenzi inoziva zvishoma nezvekudya kwevanhu vakuru, uye nekudaro havaonekwe sezvipembenene zvezvirimwa kana miti yemichero.
Rhinoceros beetle vakuru uye mhute inotora nzvimbo inokosha mucheni yezvokudya uye inosanganisirwa mukudya kwezvikara zvidiki zvakawanda, zvakaita se:
- shiri;
- amphibians;
- zvipuka zviduku;
- zvinokambaira.
Makonye erudzi urwu anobatsirikawo nekudya huni dzakafa uye mamwe marara ezvirimwa. Nokudaro, ivo vanokurumidzira zvakanyanya nzira yekuparara kwavo.
Kuchengetedzwa kwezvipembere zvipembenene
Rhinoceros bete.
Vamiriri vemhando iyi vakapararira uye vakatojairana nehupenyu kunze kwekwavanogara. Asi zvakadaro, nhamba dzavo dziri kuderera zvishoma nezvishoma uye izvi zvinonyanya kukonzerwa nekuita kwevanhu.
Vanhu vanotema miti yakawanda gore negore, uye chokutanga vanoshandisa mbesa dzakasakara uye dzine zvirwere zvinotanga kufa. Nekuda kweizvi, huwandu hwehuni hwakaora, hunova chikafu chezvipembere nyuchi, hunodzikira gore rega.
Parizvino, zvipembere zvipembenene zvinodzivirirwa munyika dzinotevera:
- Czech Republic;
- Sirovhakiya;
- Poland
- Morodhovha.
MuRussia, rudzi urwu rwebete rwakatonyorwa muRed Books ematunhu anotevera:
- Astrakhan region;
- Republic of Karelia;
- The Republic of Mordovia;
- Saratov region;
- Stavropol region;
- Vladimir region;
- Kaluga region;
- Kostroma region;
- Lipetsk region;
- The Republic of Dagestan;
- Chechen Republic;
- Iyo Republic of Khakassia.
Chokwadi chinofadza nezve rhinoceros beetles
Pasinei nekupararira kwayo kwakapararira, rudzi urwu runoramba rusina kunyatsodzidza. Pane zvakawanda zvechipembere nyuchi izvo zvinoshamisa kunyange masayendisiti.
Zvipembere zvipembenene zvipembenene zvikuru, zvipembenene zvikuru uye mapapiro azvo maduku zvikuru kumuviri unorema zvakadaro. Hapana kana mutemo mumwe chete wemazuva ano weaerodynamics unogona kutsanangura kuti ndedzipi nzira nemisimboti inobhururuka nezvipembenene izvi.
Kana yakafumurwa nemwaranzi yeultraviolet, iyo elytra yezvipembere zvipembenene inowana semiconductor zvivakwa, uye mvere dziri pamuviri wayo dzinogona kuunganidza electrostatic kugona. Kana chipembere chiri kubhururuka kikarovera pamunhu manheru, munhu wacho anganzwa kakuvhundutswa nemagetsi.
Zvizhinji zvinyorwa zveruzivo nezve rhinoceros nyuchi, nekuda kwezvikonzero zvisingazivikanwi, zvakanzi "zvakavanzika" uye "zvekushandiswa kwepamutemo", saka pane zvishoma ruzivo rwakadzama pamusoro pevamiririri vemhando iyi munharaunda yevanhu.
mhedziso
Rhinoceros nyuchi zvisikwa zvakasiyana uye zvakawanda zvezvimiro zvadzo, zvisinei nekugara kwavo kwakakura, zvichiri kuramba zvisina kuongororwa. Ichokwadi chokuti nhamba yevamiririri vemhando iyi iri kuderera zvishoma nezvishoma inowedzera kukosha kwavo, nokuti rhinoceros nyuchi haisi chakavanzika chisina kugadziriswa chemasayendisiti, asiwo masango chaiwo akarongeka.
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