Active migrant: ko Colorado mbatata beetle yakabva kupi kuRussia
Voracious Colorado zvipembenene pamibhedha yembatatisi zvatove zvakajairika. Chipembenene chine ngozi chinonzwa chikuru kwete muEurope chete, asiwo munharaunda yeyaimbova nyika dzeCIS. Nokuda kweizvi, vechidiki vakawanda vanotenda kuti Colorado yakagara ichigara munzvimbo ino, asi chaizvoizvo iye ari mutorwa kubva kure kuNorth America.
Zviri mukati
Nhoroondo yekuwanikwa kweColorado potato beetle
The Colorado potato beetle mutorwa kubva kuUnited States.
Iyo Colorado mbatata beetle inowanikwa kuRocky Mountains. Muna 1824, bete iri rine mitsetse rakatanga kuwanikwa nenyanzvi yezvipembenene Thomas Say. Mumazuva iwayo, chipembenene chine njodzi cheramangwana hachina kana kufungidzira kuvepo kwembatatisi uye kudya kwayo kwaive nemiti yemusango yemhuri yenightshade.
Mhando iyi yakagamuchira zita rayo rakakurumbira makumi emakore gare gare. Panguva iyoyo, akanga atoburuka mumakomo achienda kunokunda nzvimbo itsva. Muna 1855, Colorado mbatata beetle yakaravira mbatatisi muminda yeNebraska, uye yatove muna 1859 yakakonzera kukanganisa kukuru kuminda yeColorado.
Chipembenene chine mitsetse chakatanga kukurumidza kuenda kuchamhembe uye kubwinya kwechipembenene chine njodzi uye zita rinozvikudza reColorado potato beetle rakapihwa kwairi.
Ko Colorado potato beetle yakasvika sei kuEurope?
Mushure mekunge Colorado potato beetle yatora nzvimbo zhinji dzeNorth America, yakaramba ichitamira kumakondinendi matsva.
Colorado beetle.
Sezvo, pakupera kwezana ramakore rechi 19, ngarava dzevatengesi dzakawanda dzakanga dzava kutoyambuka Atlantic Ocean, zvakanga zvisina kuoma kuti chipembenene chacho chisvike kuEurope.
Nyika yekutanga kutarisana nedambudziko re "mitsetse" yaive Germany. Muna 1876-1877, Colorado potato beetle yakawanikwa pedyo neguta reLeipzig. Pashure pacho, chipembenene chacho chakaonekwa kune dzimwe nyika, asi nhamba yemakoloni yakanga iri duku uye varimi vomunharaunda vakakwanisa kurarama nayo.
Iyo Colorado mbatata beetle yakaguma sei muRussia
Rwendo rweColorado potato beetle muEurope.
Chipembenene ichi chakapararira munguva yeHondo Yenyika Yekutanga uye pakupera kwema1940 chakagara munyika dzeEastern Europe. Panharaunda yeRussia, bete yakatanga kuonekwa muna 1853. Nzvimbo yekutanga yenyika yakakanganiswa nekupinda kwezvipembenene yaive Kaliningrad dunhu.
Pakati pe-70s, Colorado mbatata beetle yakanga yatopararira muUkraine neBelarus. Munguva yekusanaya kwemvura, mashanga kubva kuminda yeUkraine akaunzwa zvakanyanya kuSouth Urals, uye pamwe nawo huwandu hukuru hwezvipembenene zvine mitsetse hwakapinda muRussia.
Sezvo yakanyatsozvisimbisa muUrals, Colorado mbatata beetle yakatanga kutora nharaunda itsva uye ichienderera mberi, uye nechekare pakutanga kwezana remakore rechi21 yakasvika munharaunda yeFar East.
Kubva ipapo, kurwisa zvipembenene kwave kuchiitwa nesimba munyika yose.
mhedziso
Kunyangwe makore asingasviki mazana maviri apfuura, Colorado mbatata beetle yakanga isiri dambudziko uye vanhu vaisatomboziva nezvekuvapo kwayo, asi sezvamunoziva, hapana chinhu chiri munyika chisingaperi. Kune humbowo hwakawanda hweizvi, uye humwe hwacho inzira yebete reshizha diki, iro rakakunda nzvimbo dzakakura ndokuva imwe yezvipembenene zvebindu zvine ngozi pasi rose.
