Spider mite pamiti: maitiro ekuita neapuro parasite ine njodzi uye chengetedza goho
Dandemutande chimwe chezvipembenene zvinosveta muto kubva pamashizha pamiti yemubindu. Miti yemaapuro inotapukirwa nekurwiswa neichi chikwekwe, uye kuona kusingaonekwe kwehupukanana kunogona kutungamirira mukuderera kwekudzivirira kwetsika uye kunyange kufa kwayo. Iyo apuro mite inodya muto uye kazhinji inobata mashizha uye nhungirwa diki.
Zviri mukati
- Chii chinonzi spider mite
- Zviratidzo zvekuonekwa kwe spider mite pamuti weapuro
- Zvikonzero zvikuru zvehutachiona hwemuti
- Sei spider mite ine ngozi kune miti yemapuro
- Kubudirira kweparasite control
- Tekinoroji yekudzora zvipembenene
- Nguva yekugadzirisa
- Matanho ekudzivirira
- Miti yemaapuro inoshingirira kune dandemutande
Chii chinonzi spider mite
Dandemutande chimwe chezvipembenene zvine ngozi, diki muhukuru, asi chinokuvadza zvirimwa zvakawanda nekuyamwa muto kubva pamashizha. Hazvisi nyore kuzviona pakutanga kwechirwere, asi unogona kuzviziva nekuziva kuti chinotaridzika sei uye kuti chinosiya chii.
Inokuvadza miti, maruva, zvirimwa zvehorticultural, zvirimwa zvemukati uye izvo zvinokura mugreenhouses.
Tsanangudzo dzekuita kwechipembenene dzinogona kuonekwa pamashizha, mucheka mutete uye mavara akajeka anooneka kumusoro, nzvimbo dzepuncture, uye zviduku zvitsvuku zvinogona kuonekwa pazasi.
Kuonekwa uye chimiro cheparasite
Chikwekwe ndewemhuri yemaarachnids, chikadzi chakakura zvishoma kupfuura murume, muviri une elliptical, convex kubva kumusoro, pasi pakadzika. Kureba kwemukadzi ndeye 0,4-0,5 mm, murume - 0,3-0,4 mm. Makonye madiki, akajeka, akasvibira kana kuti shava muruvara ane makwapa mahombe mahombe matema kumativi. Madzimai ane orenji-tsvuku kana tsvuku, zvipembenene zvevakuru zvine makumbo mana, makonye ane mapeya matatu.
Kutenderera kwehupenyu
Hupenyu kutenderera.
Mukadzi anokandira mazai, kubva kune zviso zvinoonekwa mushure memazuva matatu. Mushure mokunge molts dzakawanda, dzapfuura zvikamu zviviri zve nymphs, dzinoshanduka kuva vanhu vakuru.
Mumamiriro ezvinhu akanaka, kubva pakuonekwa kwezvipembenene kusvika kune vanhu vakuru zvinotora kubva pa5 kusvika kumazuva makumi maviri. Madzimai anorarama mavhiki maviri-20 uye panguva iyi anokwanisa kukandira mazana emazai. Munguva yemwaka, 2-4 zvizvarwa zvezvikwekwe zvinoonekwa. Madzimai anohwanda muzvikamu zvepamusoro zvevhu kana mutsemuka muhunde yechando uye anogaramo kusvika muchirimo.
Zvikwekwe zvinokura nekukasika mumamiriro ekunze akaoma nekupisa uye pazvirimwa zvakadyiswa nefetireza yenitrogen.
Ungasangana kupi
Zvipembenene zvinogona kuwanikwa kwese uko kune chero zvinomera. Mhungu inogara munzvimbo dzose kunze kweAntarctica.
Zviratidzo zvekuonekwa kwe spider mite pamuti weapuro
Panguva yekutanga yehutachiona hwemuti weapuro une spider mite, hazvisi nyore kuona. Mhungu dzeparasite iyi idiki kwazvo, uye pamusoro pemashizha pane madota eyero akareruka, nzvimbo dzekubaya. Nokufamba kwenguva, mavara pamashizha anowedzera, uye tambo yakatetepa inooneka pavari, inooma uye inodonha. Zvikwekwe zvakawanda kwazvo uye nhamba yavo inowedzera nekufamba kwenguva. Zvakakosha kuona maparasite nenguva uye kutanga kurwisana nawo.
Zvikonzero zvikuru zvehutachiona hwemuti
Spider mite inogona kukwira pamiti yemapuro nenzira dzakasiyana:
- zvikwekwe zvinotakurwa nemhepo kubva kunzvimbo dzakavakidzana, uye kazhinji zvinorwisa miti isina simba, mushure mekunge yabatwa nemakonye kana zvimwe zvipembenene;
- kana muti mukuru uchibatwa nespider mite, saka hazvibviri kuuparadza zvachose, muti wakadaro unogona kuva chitubu chetachiona kune mamwe miti;
- sora mubindu rinogona kukonzera utachiona.
Sei spider mite ine ngozi kune miti yemapuro
Chikwekwe chinosveta muto kubva pamashizha uye nhungirwa diki, zvichikanganisa nzira yephotosynthesis. Fungal, hutachiona uye hutachiona hwehutachiona hunopinda nyore nyore kuburikidza neakakuvadzwa tishu.
Miti yemaapuro midiki inobatwa nedandemutande inogona kusara kumashure mukukura, miti yemaapuro yakakura inoderedza kubereka, uye kana mite ikabatwa zvakanyanya, miti inogona kufa.
Kubudirira kweparasite control
Kurwisa spider mite, nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzinoshandiswa, asi kubudirira kwavo kunoenderana nekurapa panguva yakatangwa, kuwanda kwekukuvadza kwemiti uye nguva dzose yekushandiswa kwezvinodhaka.
Makemikari
Yakakosha kemikari nzira dzekurwisa zvikwekwe dzinosiyana mukuumbwa kwechinhu chinoshanda, kutarisisa uye nzira yekuita paparasite.
Mishonga yekuuraya zvipukanana
Makemikari ari muboka iri anoshanda pazvikwekwe nezvimwe zvipembenene zvemugadheni. Mishonga inouraya zvipembenene inoshandiswa kudzora zvipembenene zvemiti, kusanganisira mite.
Paunenge uchigadzira miti yemaapuro nemakemikari, unofanirwa kutevedzera matanho ekudzivirira:
- shanda mumidziyo yekudzivirira;
- cherechedza kuwanda kwemhinduro uye usapfuure mwero wekushandisa;
- kugadzirisa kunoitwa mumamiriro okunze akaoma akadzikama.
Pakupfapfaidza, zvipembenene zvakawanda zvinofa panguva imwe chete, asi kusakosha kweiyi nzira kusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza uye kufa kwezvipembenene zvinobatsira.
Acaricides
Acaricides inoshandiswa chete kuuraya mite uye inoshandiswa pamusoro pemashizha. Aya magadzirirwo ane nguva yakareba yekuita, iyo inzira yakanaka yekudzivirira kubva pakudzoka zvakare ne mite. Mishonga yeAcaricides haiuraye zvipembenene zvinodya zvipembenene zvemubindu.
Iyo spider mite inokura kushorwa nemishonga inowanzoshandiswa, saka hazvikurudzirwe kuibata kakawanda mumutsara nemumiririri mumwechete, unofanirwa kuishandura mumwaka.
Iyo inonyanya kufarirwa acaricidal agents inofungidzirwa nevamwe.
Biological agents
Imwe yemishonga inozivikanwa biologically inoshanda ndeyeFitoverm. Ichi chinwiwa chine muchetura kubva kune tsvina yeimwe fungi, ichiita pazvikwekwe zvevakuru. Mushonga unotanga kushanda kwawo kune vanhu vakuru pakupisa kwe +18 madhigirii uye hauparare pa +25 degrees uye pamusoro, semamwe akawanda akawanda emakemikari.
Maitiro ekurima
Zvipembenene zvechikadzi overwinter muvhu, mudenderedzwa rehunde uye mumitswe mumakwati. Saka, kana uchigadzirira miti yechando, unofanirwa kuita basa rinotevera:
- kupisa mashizha akawa;
- matavi akatsemuka, akaoma, ane chirwere;
- chenesa bark rakatsemuka;
- chenesa hunde uye matavi emafupa;
- chera hunde denderedzwa.
Folk kubheka
Kukosha kwemishonga yevanhu yekurwisa zvikwekwe uye zvimwe zvipembenene ndezvokuti hazvisi ngozi kune zvakatipoteredza uye zvipembenene zvinobatsira. Nzira dzevanhu dzekubata nedandemutande dzinoshanda chete nediki diki rekukuvadza.
| garlic solution | 10 gramu yegoriki yakasvetwa uye yakachekwa inowedzerwa kune 50 malita emvura, yakasimbiswa kwemazuva matatu, sipo yekugeza yemvura inowedzerwa, yakasanganiswa, yakasvibiswa. Muti unobatwa nemushonga uchangobva kugadzirirwa kubva kumusoro uchidzika nemashizha. |
| Decoction ye black henbane | Huswa henbane hutsva hunotyisa, zvinodikanwa kugadzirira uye kushandisa decoction zvakanyatsonaka. 2 kg yeuswa hutsva inodururwa nebhakiti remvura, yakabikwa kwemaawa akawanda, yakasvibiswa uye mhinduro yacho inogadziriswa kusvika 10 malita, miti yemapuro inogadziriswa. |
| Soap | 100 magiramu e tar sipo inopwanyika uye inonatswa mubhakiti remvura. Shandisa mhinduro kamwe pavhiki. |
| Hot pepper infusion | 100 gramu yepiresi inopisa inodururwa ne litre yemvura, inounzwa kumota, yakasimbiswa kwezuva, yakasvibiswa. Kurapa kwemiti yemapuro, 8 gramu ye tincture inoderedzwa mu 1 litre yemvura. |
| onion peel | 200 magiramu ehanyanisi peel inodururwa nebhakiti remvura uye inosimbisa kweawa imwe, yakasvibiswa uye inobatwa nemiti yakasvibiswa. |
| horseradish midzi infusion | 400 magiramu emidzi yakachekwa yehorseradish inodururwa nebhakiti remvura uye inonamatwa kwemaawa 2-3, yakasvibiswa uye yakasvibiswa pamiti. |
Tekinoroji yekudzora zvipembenene
Nezvinangwa zvekudzivirira, kana kana zvikwekwe zvichionekwa, kurapwa kwegadheni kunoitwa kubva muchirimo kusvika kumatsutso. Kupfapfaidza kwakakodzera uye nenguva kuchaita mhedzisiro yakanaka. Kwenguva imwe neimwe, makemikari akakodzera anosarudzwa.
- Paunenge uchibata miti nemakemikari, zvakakosha kutora matanho. Shandisa zvidziviriro zvemunhu, dzivisa kusangana neganda, maziso ehupfu.
- Kupfapfaidza kunofanira kuitwa munzvimbo yakaoma, yakadzikama.
- Mwaya zvigadzirwa kubva pasi zvichikwira, sezvo mite iri kunyanya pasi pemashizha.
- Processing inoitwa mangwanani kana manheru.
- Vana nemhuka zvinorambidzwa zvachose kushanda mubindu.
- Geza kumeso nemaoko nesipo mushure mekurapwa.
Nguva yekugadzirisa
Zvakakosha kucherechedza nguva yekugadzira miti, kuwanda kwechirimwa uye kushorwa kwezvirimwa kukurwisa tupukanana kunoenderana nazvo.
Mushonga wekutanga mushure mechando unoitwa kusati kwabuda bud, apo overwintered zvikwekwe uye zvimwe zvipembenene zvinofa. Pangosvika kutonhora kuchikwira kusvika +5 degrees uye pamusoro, miti uye ivhu rakapoteredza zvinobatwa nemhangura kana iron sulphate.
Mushonga wechipiri unoitwa mushure mokunge mashizha achitumbuka, asi asati atumbuka. Isa chero mishonga yezvipembenene kana acaricides inowanikwa kuvarimi.
Zvinokwanisika kupfapfaidza miti nemakemikari chete mushure mekunge michero yaiswa. Pakugadzirisa, sarudza mamwe mishonga yezvipembenene kana acaricides isati yashandiswa mumwaka uno. Kana ukapfapfaidza kakawanda mumutsara nechigadzirwa chimwe chete, mite inojaira.
Kugadzira kunofanira kumiswa mwedzi usati watora muchero. Asi mumamiriro ezvinhu akaipisisa, nechisimba chikuru chezvipembenene, kana kugadzirisa kuchidiwa, shandisa gadziriro dzinokurumidza kuora uye usaramba uri pamuchero.
Mushure mekukohwa, asi mashizha asati adonha, anobatwa nemhangura sulfate, urea, kana chero mishonga yezvipembenene. Zvikwekwe zvinosiiwa kuchando zvinofa.
Kangani iwe unoda kugadzirisa miti
Munguva yekukura, miti inobatwa muchirimo, mashizha asati aonekwa, mushure mokunge mashizha achitumbuka, mushure mekuumbwa kwemaovari, mushure mekukohwa.
Asi mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma, kana miti yakakuvadzwa nezvipembenene, kurapwa kunoitwa kakawanda, nokuti tick inokwanisa kubereka 4-5 zvizvarwa mumwaka uye inokonzera kukuvadza kukuru.
Iwe unogona kushandisa nzira mbiri dzekurwa panguva imwe chete, kuti uwedzere kushanda.
Nguva dzekugadzirisa munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzemamiriro ekunze
Kugadzira miti mubindu munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzemamiriro ekunze kunoitwa uchifunga nezvemamiriro ekunze. Munharaunda dzekumaodzanyemba kwenyika, basa mubindu rinotanga kare, munzvimbo dzinotonhorera mazuva anochinjwa. Iwe unofanirwa kutarisa nezvekutanga kwekudziya kwemamiriro ekunze muchirimo uye kutumbuka kwemashizha, maruva uye kunhonga michero.
Matanho ekudzivirira
Mishonga yekudzivirira mubindu inopa chigumisiro chakanaka, zvirwere zvakawanda uye zvipembenene zvinoparadzwa, uye kushorwa kwemiti yemapuro kunowedzera. Basa mubindu rinotanga muchirimo uye rinopfuurira kusvika pakupera kwematsutso. Matanho ekudzivirira anosanganisira:
- kuchekerera miti yechirimo nekupfapfaidza;
- kupfeka kwepamusoro;
- kugadzirisa pamberi uye mushure memaruva;
- kuchenesa mashizha uye kuchekerera matavi akakuvadzwa;
- kuchenesa mbiya nekuchena;
- kucheneswa kwematsutso nekuchera denderedzwa rehunde.
Miti yemaapuro inoshingirira kune dandemutande
Mhando dzemiti yemapuro iyo inoshingirira zvachose kukuvadzwa kwekikwe haisati yave kugadzirwa nevarimi. Mamwe marudzi ane kudzivirirwa kwakanaka, uye haanyanyi kurwisa tupukanana. Asi kugadzikana kwezvirimwa kunogona kuwedzerwa kana kutarisirwa kwakanaka kunopiwa: mishonga yekudzivirira panguva yakakodzera, kupfeka kwepamusoro, kudiridza, kuchekerera nekudzivirira munguva yechando.
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