Zvikwekwe zvakabva kupi uye nei zvisati zvavepo: dzidziso yekurangana, zvombo zvehupenyu kana kufambira mberi mukurapa.

Nhoroondo yekuonekwa kweencephalitis tick

Zvinotendwa kuti chikwekwe chakauya kuRussia kubva kuJapan. Pane fungidziro isina kusimbiswa yekuti maJapan aigadzira zvombo zvebhaibheri. Iko, hongu, haigoneki, sezvo isina kusimbiswa nechinhu chero chipi zvacho, asi yaive Far East yakagara iri kutungamira maererano nenhamba yezviitiko zveencephalitis ticks, kusvika ku30% yevanorwara vakafa.

Kutanga kutaurwa kwechirwere

A. G. Panov, neuropathologist, akatanga kutsanangura chirwere ne encephalitis muna 1935. Akatenda kuti yakakonzerwa nechikwekwe cheJapan. Vakateerera chirwere ichi mushure mekufamba kwemasayendisiti kunharaunda yeKhabarovsk.

Tsvakurudza Far Eastern Expeditions

Pamberi perwendo urwu, muFar East, pane zviitiko zvechirwere chisingazivikanwi chakakanganisa hurongwa hwetsinga uye kazhinji chaiva nemigumisiro inouraya. Yakabva yanzi "toxic flu".

Boka revasayendisiti vakaenda vakabva vataura nezvehutachiona hwechirwere ichi, chinoparadzirwa nemadonhwe emhepo. Zvadaro zvakaonekwa kuti chirwere chacho chinoparadzirwa kuburikidza neumhutu muzhizha.

Makanga muri muna 1936, uye gore rakatevera kumwezve rwendo rwemasayendisiti rwakatungamirirwa naL. A. Zilber, akanga achangobva kuvamba rabhoritari yeutachiona muMoscow, akatanga kuenda kunharaunda iyi.

Mhedziso dzakaitwa nerwendo urwu:

• chirwere chinotanga muna May, saka hachina nguva yezhizha;
• haisi kuparadzirwa nemadonhwe emhepo, sezvo vanhu vakambosangana nevanhu vane utachiona havarware;
• Umhutu hausi kutapurira chirwere, sezvo vasati vashanda muna May, uye vatove vachirwara ne encephalitis.

Boka revasayendisiti rakaona kuti iyi haisi yeJapan encephalitis. Pamusoro pezvo, vakaita ongororo patsoko nemakonzo, dzavakaenda nadzo. Vakabayiwa neropa, cerebrospinal fluid yemhuka dzine utachiona. Masayendisiti akakwanisa kumisa hukama pakati pechirwere uye kurumwa nezvikwekwe.

Basa rekufambisa rakatora mwedzi mitatu mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma. Vanhu vatatu vakabatwa nemaparasite. Nekuda kweizvozvo, takawana kuti:

• chimiro chechirwere;
• basa rechikwekwe mukupararira kwechirwere chave chichiratidzwa;
• anenge 29 marudzi e encephalitis akaonekwa;
• tsanangudzo yechirwere inopiwa;
• kushanda kwakaratidza kushanda kwejekiseni.

Mushure merwendo urwu, pakanga paine mamwe maviri akasimbisa mhedziso dzaZilber. MuMoscow, mushonga wekudzivirira chikwekwe wakagadzirwa zvakasimba. Murwendo rwechipiri, masayendisiti maviri akarwara ndokufa, N. Ya. Utkin naN. V. Kagan. Murwendo rwechitatu muna 1939, mushonga wakaedzwa, uye vakabudirira.

Dzidziso uye fungidziro dzekuonekwa kwezvikwekwe muRussia

Ko encephalitis yakabva kupi, vazhinji vaifarira kunyange vasati vashanyira nzendo. Pachiitiko ichi, shanduro dzakawanda dzakaiswa mberi.

Mazano ekurangana: pliers zvombo

MaKGBist muzana remakore rapfuura aidavira kuti utachiona hwacho hwakaparadzirwa nemaJapan sechombo choutachiona. Vakanga vane chokwadi chokuti zvombo zvakanga zvichigoverwa namaJapan, aivenga Russia. Zvisinei, maJapan haana kufa nechirwere che<em>encephalitis, zvichida nechekare panguva iyoyo vaiziva kurapa nayo.

Kusapindirana mushanduro

Kusawirirana kweiyi shanduro ndeyokuti maJapan zvakare akatambura ne encephalitis, maSaami inzvimbo huru yehutachiona - chitsuwa cheHokkaido, asi panguva iyoyo pakanga pasina rufu kubva kuchirwere ichi. Kekutanga muJapan, kufa kwechirwere ichi kwakanyorwa muna 1995. Sezviri pachena, maJapan akanga atoziva nzira yekurapa chirwere ichi, asi sezvo ivo pachavo vakatambura nacho, vakanga vasingakwanisi kuita "biological sotage" kune dzimwe nyika.

Mazuvano majini

Kuvandudzwa kwemajini kwakaita kuti zvikwanise kudzidza kuitika uye kukura kwechikwekwe-borne encephalitis. Zvisinei, nyanzvi hadzibvumirani nazvo. Masayendisiti kubva kuNovosibirsk, achitaura pamusangano wepasi rose muIrkutsk, zvichienderana nekuongororwa kweiyo nucleotide sequence yehutachiona, yakataura kuti yakatanga kupararira kubva kuMadokero kuenda kuEast. Nepo dzidziso yekwakabva kuFar Eastern yakabva yakakurumbira.

Mamwe masayendisiti, akavakirwa pakudzidza kwegenomic sequences, akataura kuti encephalitis yakatanga kuSiberia. Maonero pamusoro penguva yekuitika kwehutachiona anosiyanawo zvikuru pakati pemasayendisiti, kubva ku2,5 kusvika ku7 zviuru zvemakore.

Nharo dzinotsigira dzidziso yekuitika kwe encephalitis muFar East

Masayendisiti zvakare akafunga nezvekwakabva encephalitis muna 2012. Vazhinji vakabvuma kuti kunobva utachiona ndiko Far East, uye ipapo chirwere akaenda Eurasia. Asi vamwe vaidavira kuti encephalitis chikwekwe akapararira, pane kudaro, kubva West. Paiva nemafungiro ekuti chirwere chakabva kuSiberia uye chakapararira kumativi ose maviri.

Mhedziso dzinotorwa mukufarira dzidziso yekuitika kwe encephalitis muFar East Nzendo dzaZilber:

1. Mhosva dze encephalitis muFar East dzakanyorwa kare se30s yezana remakore rapfuura, nepo muEurope nyaya yekutanga yakaonekwa chete muna 1948 muCzech Republic.
2. Nzvimbo dzese dzemasango, muEurope uye kuFar East, inzvimbo dzechisikigo dzezvipembenene. Zvisinei, zviitiko zvekutanga zvechirwere zvakaonekwa muFar East.
3. Mumakore ekuma30, Far East yakanyatsoongororwa, uye kwaiva nevarwi vehondo ikoko, saka kwaiva nezviitiko zvakawanda zvechirwere.

Zvikonzero zvekupinda kweencephalitis ticks mumakore achangopfuura

Masayendisiti anobvumirana kuti zvikwekwe zvakagara zvichigara munharaunda yeRussia. Mumamisha vanhu vairumwa neropa, vanhu vairwara, asi hapana aiziva chikonzero. Vakateerera chete apo varwi vari muzvikwata zvehondo kuFar East vakatanga kurwara vakawanda.

Munguva pfupi yapfuura, zvakawanda zvakanyorwa pamusoro pekuti zvikwekwe zvave zvakanyanya, uye havangogari mumasango chete, asiwo vanorwisa masabhabhu, maguta. Izvi hazvishamisi, nokuti pakupera kwezana remakore rapfuura, vazhinji vakawana zvivako zveimba nemakiti vakatanga kutamira pedyo nemaguta.

Matanho ekudzivirira

1. Paunenge uchipedza nguva mumasikirwo, zvinokurudzirwa kupfeka mabhuruku marefu, akajeka-mavara, kuisa makumbo mumasokisi, kuitira kuti zvikwekwe zvive nenzvimbo shoma yakazaruka sezvinobvira yekubata neganda. Pamachira akareruka, mite yakasviba inogona kunyatsoonekwa uye kubviswa isati yasvika paganda.
2. Mushure mekupedza nguva mumasikirwo, iwe unofanirwa kunyatsotarisa zvikwekwe, sezvo ivo vanowanzo tsvaga nzvimbo yakakodzera yekuruma paganda kwemaawa akawanda.
3. Kana ikarumwa neropa, inofanira kubviswa pakarepo. Zvadaro nzvimbo yekurumwa inofanira kuonekwa kwemavhiki mashomanana, uye kana nzvimbo yakatsvuka ichioneka, chiremba anofanira kubvunzurudzwa.
4. Munzvimbo dzine njodzi yakawedzera yekubatira chikwekwe encephalitis, jekiseni inokurudzirwa kune vanhu vese vanopedza nguva muzvisikwa.
5. Kunze kwenzvimbo dzakadai, jekiseni rinorwisa chikwekwe-inotakura encephalitis rinofanira kuitwa nachiremba kana paine kufamba kana kuwedzera kuratidzwa kwemunhu.