Takawana 16 zvinonakidza chokwadi nezve common rook
Corvus frugilegus
Kunyangwe nhoroondo yakashata yehukama pakati pevanhu nemarooks, shiri idzi dzichiri kuchengetedza hunhu hwadzo uye hadzityi vanhu. Nekudya kwakafanira, vanojairana zviri nani uye vanogona kusvika vanhu vari kure kure. Vakangwara zvikuru, vanokwanisa kugadzirisa mapuzzle, kushandisa nekugadzirisa maturusi, uye vanoshandira pamwe chete kana mamwe matambudziko akakomba amuka.
Kare varimi vaipomera shiri idzi mhosva yekuparadza zvirimwa zvavo uye vakaedza kudzidzinga kana kudziuraya. Vatongi vacho vakatopa mirau yairaira kutsakatiswa kwevose vari vaviri rooks nemamwe corvids.
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Iyo rook ndeyemhuri yecorvid.
Kune maviri subspecies e rook: iyo yakajairika rook, inowanikwa munyika yedu, uye Siberian rook, inowanikwa muEast Asia. Mhuri yecorvid inosanganisira 133 marudzi, anowanikwa mumakondinendi ese kunze kweAntarctica.
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Anogara muEurope, pakati uye kumaodzanyemba kweRussia.
Winters kumaodzanyemba kweEurope muIraq neEgypt. Iyo Siberian subspecies inogara kuEast Asia uye nguva yechando kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva kweChina neTaiwan.
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Vanonzwa zvakanakisisa munzvimbo dzine matanda, kunyange zvazvo vakanyatsogadziriswa kumamiriro emaguta.
Vanogara mumapaki neminda mumafuro. Mumaguta, vanoda kugara pazvivakwa zvirefu uye kutoita dendere pazviri munguva yekuberekesa.
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Ishiri dzakakura zviri pakati nepakati, dzine muviri wakareba kubva pa44 kusvika 46 cm.
Mapapiro emapapiro anobva 81 kusvika 99 cm, uremu hunobva 280 kusvika 340 g. Varume nevakadzi ve rooks vakafanana muhukuru.
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Muviri wemarooks wakafukidzwa neminhenga mitema, iyo muzuva inova iridescent yebhuruu kana yebhuruu-violet shades.
Makumbo matema, muromo wakasviba-grey, iris ine rima. Vakuru vanorasa minhenga pazasi pemuromo, vachisiya ganda rakashama.
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Vana vadiki vatema vaine kakusvibirira zvishoma, kunze kwekuseri kwemutsipa, kumashure uye muswe, izvo zvine brownish-dema.
Dzakafanana nemakunguwo nekuti mupendero weminhenga uri pazasi pemiromo yawo hausati wasakara. Vana vaduku vanorasikirwa nechifukidziro cheminhenga pazasi pemuromo mumwedzi wechitanhatu wehupenyu.
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Rooks ndeye omnivores; zvidzidzo zvinoratidza kuti 60% yekudya kwavo kunosanganisira kudya kwezvirimwa.
Zvokudya zvezvirimwa zvakanyanya zviyo, midzi yemiriwo, mbatatisi, michero nembeu. Chikafu chemhuka chinonyanya kuve nemakonye nemakonye ezvipembenene, kunyangwe marooks anogonawo kuvhima mhuka diki, shiri nemazai. Kudyisa kunonyanya kuitika pasi, apo shiri dzinofamba uye dzimwe nguva dzinosvetuka uye kuongorora ivhu, dzichichera mariri nemiromo yadzo mikuru.
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Kana chikafu chikashaikwa, mhungu inodyawo zvakaora.
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Kufanana nemakorvid mazhinji, rooks imhuka dzakangwara kwazvo.
Vanoziva kushandisa zvakawanikwa zvinhu semidziyo. Kana basa richida kushanda nesimba, vechidiki vanogona kubatira pamwe seboka.
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Hono nehadzi dzinosangana kweupenyu hwose, uye mbiri mbiri dzinogara pamwe chete kuita mapoka emombe.
Manheru, shiri dzinowanzoungana dzobva dzaenda panzvimbo yadzinofarira. Mumatsutso, mapoka anowedzera muhukuru apo mapoka akasiyana anoungana pamwechete. Mukambani yerooks iwe unogona zvakare kuwana jackdaws.
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Nguva yekuberekesa ye rooks inotangira kubva munaKurume kusvika Kubvumbi. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, dzinogara mumapoka.
Matendere anowanzovakwa pamusoro pemiti mikuru, yakapararira uye, munzvimbo dzemaguta, pazvivako. Panogona kuva kubva kune akati wandei kusvika kune akati wandei matendere pamuti mumwe. Izvo zvakagadzirwa nematanda nematanda, zvakabatanidzwa pamwe chete nevhu nevhu, uye zvakafukidzwa nezvinhu zvose zviripo zvakapfava - uswa, bvudzi, fur.
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Muchikwata, hadzi inokandira mazai mana kusvika mashanu.
Avhareji yehukuru hwemazai i 40 x 29 mm, ane ruvara rwegirinhi-bhuruu ane mavara ebrown uye yero uye ane marbled texture. Incubation inotanga kubva panguva iyo zai rekutanga rinokandwa uye rinotora kubva pamazuva gumi nemasere kusvika gumi nemapfumbamwe.
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Manhiyo anoramba ari mudendere kwemavhiki mana kusvika mashanu.
Munguva iyi, vabereki vose vari vaviri vanovapa zvokudya.
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Avhareji yehupenyu hwema rooks musango makore matanhatu.
Mubati werekodhi pakati peshiri idzi aive nemakore makumi maviri nematatu nemwedzi mipfumbamwe.
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Huwandu hwemarooks muEurope hunofungidzirwa kuva pakati pe16,3 ne28,4 miriyoni.
Huwandu hwePoland hunobva pa366 kusvika 444 zviuru zvemhuka, uye muna 2007-2018 huwandu hwavo hwakadzikira nekusvika 41%.
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Iyi haisi mhuka iri mungozi.
Sangano reInternational Union for Conservation of Nature rinoronga boka revanhu vose semhando isinganyanyi kunetseka. MuPoland, shiri idzi dziri pasi pekuchengetedzwa kwakasimba kwemarudzi mumatunhu ekutonga emaguta uye kuchengetedzwa kwemarudzi kunze kwadzo. Muna 2020 ivo vakanyorwa muPolish Red Book reShiri semhando dzisina njodzi.
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