Chii kutya kwe grey mite: ndeipi ngozi iri kuseri kwemavara asina kusimba
Zvikwekwe zvakasiyana mumararamiro, saizi, ruvara. Gray tick vamiriri veIxodes ricinus. Iyo parasite inowana mumvuri wakadaro mushure mekuzara kweropa. Aya anoyamwa ropa ane ngozi huru kuvanhu, sezvo achitakura utachiona hune ngozi hunokonzerwa nezvikwekwe.
Zviri mukati
Ixodid tick rudzi rweparasite
Izvi zvipembenene zveArthropod mhuri yeIxodidae. Vamiriri vemhando iyi vane huwandu hwepamusoro hweparasitism uye chimiro chemuviri chinofanana nechakawanda chezvikwekwe.
Kuonekwa uye chimiro chemuviri weparasite
Chipembenene chine nzara chinoita semhungu. Muviri wakaita oval muchimiro, wakafukidzwa negoko rakaoma rechitinous, rinodzivirira kuparadzwa kwayo. Rudzi runosiyana kubva kune dzvuku kusvika kune rima, iyo satiated parasite inowana grey tint.
Chimiro chemuviri chine oval, mukuru ane 4 peya dzemakumbo akatsiga. Kureba kwemuviri kunobva pa 1 kusvika ku 4 mm. Mushure mekunwa ropa, tick inowedzera muhukuru neanenge 10 mm. Vanhukadzi vakakura zvinooneka kupfuura varume.
Kutenderera kwehupenyu
Hupenyu hwemaparasite hunosanganisira matanho akati wandei ekukura: zai, gonye, nymph, munhu mukuru. Chipembenene chinotanga kuita parasitize kunyangwe padanho remakonzo - panguva iyi, makonzo neshiri vanova varapi vayo.
Kuti iende kune imwe neimwe nhanho itsva, chikwekwe chinoda chikafu, mushure mezvo molting inoitika.
Munhu mukuru (imago) chikwekwe chakura pabonde; panguva ino yekukura, zvipembenene zvinowanda. Hupenyu hwese hwechikwekwe hunogona kugara makore 3-4, mune dzimwe nguva kusvika makore masere.
Mumamiriro ezvinhu asina kunaka, chipembenene chinowira mumifananidzo yakamiswa, iyo inogona kugara kwemakore akati wandei, mushure mezvo zvipembenene zvinomuka uye zvinoenderera mberi nehupenyu hwayo.
Mhando
Kune marudzi akawanda eixodid. Itsika yekuvapatsanura zvichienderana neanotevera maitiro:
pekugara uye kuchinjika. Somuenzaniso, vamwe vakachinjira kuti vagare munharaunda yesango, vamwe murenje, zvichingodaro.
Chimiro cheparasitism igomba nemafuro. Yekutanga yekukandira mazai inokwira mumakomba nematendere, yechipiri - kuisa mazai pamusoro pevhu.
Mamiriro ekubatanidza ndeye-single-host, maviri-host, matatu-host.
Habitat yemaparasite
Peak nguva
Kurwiswa kwechikwekwe kunofanirwa kutyiwa gore rose. Pane zviitiko apo ixodid chikwekwe chakanyura muhuswa, uye apo uswa uhu hwaishandiswa pamubhedha wembwa, hwakamuka ndokuruma mhuka. Kazhinji maparasite anowanikwa mumachira akanyungudutswa pamusoro pekudziya mains.
Kuwedzera kwemwaka mukuita kwekiti kunoitika mukupera kwaKurume uye kutanga kwaApril.
Chipembenene chinoda ivhu kuti ridziye kusvika kune tembiricha ye +3-5 madhigirii, uye tembiricha yemhepo kuti isvike paavhareji zuva nezuva chiratidzo che +10 madhigirii. Nhamba yepamusoro yekurumwa yakanyorwa kubva muna Chivabvu kusvika Chikumi.
Munguva yekupisa kwezhizha, basa ravo rinoderera, zvisinei, kana chikwekwe chiri muuswa hunyoro uye mumumvuri, inonzwa yakanaka. Muzhizha, utachiona hunonyanya kushanda mangwanani-ngwanani uye manheru. Kana kunze kukanyanya kuoma uye kuchinaya, vanohwanda. Kuita kwezvipembenene kunodzikira chete pakupera kwaGunyana.
Ndiani anotakura grey zvikwekwe
Vanhu vanobatsira mukupararira kwezvikwekwe. Kazhinji vanhu vanounza zvipembenene pazvipfeko neshangu, mumabhasikiti ehowa nemasumbu emaruva emusango. Iyo parasite inogona kusvika kukamuri yezhizha ine uswa, uswa, matavi espruce.
Zvipfuyo zvinotora zvikwekwe zvouya nazvo mumba pamvere dzadzo. Uyewo zvipembenene zvinotakurwa nemakonzo, tsuro, shiri. Zvinonyatsozivikanwa kuti nhamba huru yemite inovanza mune tsono dzehedgehogs.
Ndeipi ngozi yekurumwa neparasite
Ngozi huru yechikwekwe kugona kwayo kutakura utachiona hunokonzera kuremara nekufa kwevanhu nemhuka. Mukuwedzera, zvipembenene zvakasimba zvikuru uye zvinogona kurarama kwemakore akawanda.
Kumunhu
Kumunhu, zvirwere zvinotevera zvinokonzerwa nezvikwekwe zvakanyanya kuipa:
- encephalitis;
- borreliosis (chirwere cheLyme);
- hemorrhagic fever;
- typhus uye relapsing fever.
Zvemhuka
Mhuka zvakare dzinobatwa nezvirwere zvinotapukira zvinotakurwa nezvikwekwe:
- piroplasmosis;
- erlichiosis;
- anaplasmosis.
Nzira dzekudzivirira zvipembenene
Akasiyana siyana emakemikari anoshandiswa kurwisa Yesoidae. Ese anosiyana nenzira yekuburitsa uye nzira yekushandisa.
Acaricides
Kugadzirira kweAcarcidal hakusi kungotyisa chete, asiwo kunoparadza zvipembenene nekukanganisa hurongwa hwavo hwemagetsi. Pakati pemishonga yakakurumbira uye inoshanda:
Zvigadzirwa zvekudzivirira mhuka
Kuchengetedza mhuka dzinovaraidza, zvinodhaka zvine maitiro ekubata zvinoshandiswa. Paunosarudza mushonga, unofanirwa kufunga nezvezera, uremu, rudzi uye hutano hwechipfuwo. Mishonga inotevera inoshanda zvakanyanya:
Matanho ekudzivirira nekudzivirira
Haasi matiki ese anotapukirwa nemavhairasi ane ngozi, asi hazvibviri kuziva izvi "neziso" uye njodzi yehutachiona inogara iripo.
Nzira yekuzvidzivirira kubva kune zvikwekwe
Kuti uzvidzivirire zvakanyanya sezvinobvira kubva pakurwiswa kweparasite uye kutapukirwa nehutachiona hwavanotakura, unofanirwa:
- ita majekiseni ekudzivirira kurwisa encephalitis inotakura chikwekwe: unogona kuita izvi mahara pane chero kiriniki kana nzvimbo yekurapa yakazvimirira;
- paunenge uchifamba munzvimbo dzine ngozi, sarudza zvipfeko zvakakodzera: zvinofanira kuva zvemumvuri wakajeka (nenzira iyi zviri nyore kuona chikwekwe); pfekedza bhurugwa mumasokisi nebhutsu, uye bhachi mubhurugwa; iva nechokwadi chekudzivirira musoro wako nejira kana hood;
- shandisa makemikari anodzinga zvipembenene - kubata zvipfeko uye ganda navo, kana zvichibvumirwa nemirayiridzo;
- Ese maminetsi makumi matatu ekufamba, ongorora muviri uye zvipfeko zvekuvapo kwezvipembenene pairi;
- pakudzoka kumba, usati wapinda mufurati, zvakare ongorora zvipfeko uye mhuka dzinovaraidza;
- nyatsoongorora zvinhu zvinounzwa kubva musango: maruva, uswa, mabhasikiti.
Zvekuita mushure mekurumwa nechikwekwe
Iyo yakasungirirwa parasite inofanira kubviswa nekukurumidza sezvinobvira. Iyo nguva shoma inopedzwa nepembenene pamunhu, inoderedza mukana wekutapukirwa. Nokuda kweizvi, zvinokurudzirwa kuenda kunzvimbo yekukurumidzira.
Kuti uzvibudise wega, chishandiso chakakosha ("klescheder"), curved tweezers, shinda yakakodzera.
Kana pasina chimwe chezviri pamusoro chiripo, saka unogona kushandisa zvakajairika cosmetic tweezers. Iyo algorithm yezviito ndeyekutevera:
- gadzirira test tube kana imwe mudziyo muvharo yakavharwa zvakasimba;
- pfeka magirovhosi ekurapa erabha;
- tora parasite pedyo sezvinobvira kunzvimbo yekuruma;
- penya zvinyoro nyoro mune chero nzira uye nyatso bvisa;
- bata nzvimbo yekuruma neine antiseptic;
- isa chikwekwe mumudziyo wochitumira kurabhoritari kuti chiongororwe mukati memaawa makumi mana nemasere.
Kana musoro kana proboscis yechikwekwe chabvarurwa, doti dema richaonekwa pakati penzvimbo yekuruma. Muchiitiko ichi, zvakakosha kurapa ronda neyodhini uye kumirira kurambwa kwemuviri wekunze.
Kana mushure mechinguva pane kuzvimba, ganda rakachinja ruvara, iwe unofanira kukurumidza kuzivisa chiremba nezvazvo.
Mushure mekurumwa kwechikwekwe, unofanirwa kunyatso tarisa kugara zvakanaka kwako. Kana zviratidzo zvinotyisa zvikaonekwa, zvakadai sefivha, kutemwa nemusoro, kurwadza kwemajoini, unofanira kuonana nechipatara nekukasika uye utaure kuti pane chikwekwe.
Emergency kudzivirira kwechikwekwe-borne encephalitis
Emergency kudzivirira kwetick-borne encephalitis inoitwa nerubatsiro rwe immunoglobulin kana antiviral zvinodhaka. Sarudzo pamusoro pekudikanwa kwekukurumidzira prophylaxis, kusarudzwa kwemushonga uye kuwanda kwekutonga kwayo kunoitwa nachiremba chete.
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