Chii chinodyiwa nechikwekwe kubva musango: ivo vanonyanya kubatwa uye vavengi veropa-inoyamwa parasite
Kunogara zvikwekwe uye izvo zvinodya muzvisikwa mubvunzo uyo vanhu vanoda kusamboyambuka nzira navo vanoda kuziva mhinduro yawo. Zvamazvirokwazvo, nokuda kwavazhinji, pakungodudzwa bedzi, songaniro dzisingafadzi dzinomuka. Asi nokuda kwechimwe chikonzero varipo panyika ino. Zvichida zvikomborero zvavo hazvisi zvishoma pane kukuvara kwavo.
Zvikwekwe zvinodyei munyama
Ruzhinji rwezvikwekwe zvipuka. Vanogara muzvikamu zvepamusoro zvevhu uye vanodya zvinomera zvinosara, nokudaro zvichishandura chimiro chayo: kuwedzera porosity uye kuparadzira microorganisms inobatsira.
Mhando dzakawanda dzeArthropods dzinoparadzanisa zvicherwa zvakasiyana-siyana mumakumbo avo, nokudaro zvichigadzira kutenderera kwevhu rekudya, iro rinoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukurima.
Ndivanaani zvikwekwe
Zvikwekwe chikamu chidiki cheArthropods kubva mukirasi yemaarachnids. Boka gurusa: zvinopfuura 54 zviuru zvemarudzi zvinozivikanwa. Vakawana kubudirira kwakadaro nekuda kwehukuru hwavo hwe microscopic.
Kashoma kuwana vamiriri vekirasi iyi anenge mamirimita matatu muhukuru. Zvikwekwe hazvina mapapiro kana nhengo dzinoona. Muchadenga, vanofamba nerubatsiro rwechishandiso chekunzwa, uye vanonzwa kunhuwa kwemhuka yavo kure nemamita gumi.
Chimiro chechikwekwe
Mhando huru dzezvikwekwe
Zvichienderana nechitarisiko chavo, arthropods dzakakamurwa kuva marudzi akati wandei.
| armored | Vanodya pazvinomera zvipenyu, fungi, lichens uye carrion. Kune ngozi kune shiri nemhuka, nekuti ivo vatakuri ve helminths. |
| ixodid | Mhuka iyi inofara parasitizes mombe, masango nemhuka dzemumba, uye haishore vanhu. |
| Gamazovs | Vanosarudza matendere eshiri, migodhi yemakonzo senzvimbo dzekugara uye parasitize pane vanogaramo. |
| Argasovs | Vanoparadza mhuka dzepamusha neshiri, vanosarudza matanga ehuku. Kazhinji vanorwisa vanhu. |
| Arachnoid | Vegetarians havakuvadzi zvachose kuvanhu. Menyu yavo ine mito mitsva yezvirimwa zvipenyu chete. |
| Guruva | Hazviparadzi zvipenyu. Inodya nekuunganidzwa kwe fluff, minhenga, uye huruva. Ndicho chimwe chezvikonzero zvinokonzera asima muvanhu. |
| nzeve | Vanovariritira imbwa nekatsi. Vanovapa zvakanyanya kusagadzikana muchimiro chekubatanidza nzeve uye kuzvimba. |
| Scabies | Kuendesa dambudziko rakawanda kumhuka nevanhu, zvinokonzeresa gomarara. Vanodya pane subcutaneous secretions, zvichikonzera itching uye redness. |
| Mafuro | Vanogara kunyanya mumasango nemasango-steppes. Nengozi kune zvipenyu, sezvo ivo vatakuri vezvirwere zvine ngozi. |
| Predatory | Vanodya vekwavo. |
| Subcutaneous | Vanorarama pamhuka nevanhu kwemakore akati wandei, vachidya masero eganda akafa uye zvichikonzera kuvaviwa kusingatsungirike uye kushatirwa. |
| Maritime | Vanogara mumvura inoyerera kana isingayerere uye mugungwa. Vanoparadza zvipembenene zvemvura uye molluscs. |
Zvikwekwe zvinodyei
Mushure mekuchechenya kubva muzai, pamatanho ese ekukura kwayo, chikwekwe chinoda ropa. Anogona kurarama asina zvokudya kwemakore mashomanana, kana mushure menguva iyi asina kuwana muenzi, anofa.
Nyika yezvisikwa izvi zvakasiyana-siyana, uye zvavanofarira zvekudya zvinongoshamisa. Ropa ndiro ndiro ravanofarira, asi kwete chete. Chinenge chero chinhu chakakodzera kuti vadye.
Zvikwekwe zvinodyei musango
Zvinoenderana nerudzi rwechikafu, arachnids yakakamurwa:
- saprophages. Vanodya chete pane zvakasara;
- zvikara. Vanoparadza zvirimwa nezvinhu zvipenyu uye vanosveta ropa kubva mazviri.
Scabies uye vamiriri vemunda verudzi urwu vanodya zvimedu zveganda remunhu. Bvudzi follicle mafuta ndiyo yakanakisa kudya kune subcutaneous mites.
Kutora muto kubva muzvirimwa, zvikwekwe zvinokonzeresa kukuvadza kuindasitiri yezvekurima. Granary idya zvakasara zveupfu, zviyo, zvirimwa.
Zvikwekwe zvinovhima kupi uye sei
Vanogara munzvimbo dzese dzemamiriro ekunze uye mumakondinendi ese, pasina kusarudzika.
Parasitism
Kusiyana nezvinofungwa nevakawanda, varume nevakadzi vanosveta ropa. Vanhurume vanozvinamatira kune akabatwa kwenguva pfupi. Kazhinji, vari mushishi kutsvaka mukadzi akakodzera wokuroorana naye.
Madzimai anogona kudya kusvika mazuva manomwe. Vanotora ropa muhuwandu husingadaviriki. Munhukadzi akaguta anorema zvakapetwa kazana pane ane nzara.
Chipembenene chinosarudza sei mugamuchiri?
Zvikwekwe zvinopindura kubvunda kwemuviri, kupisa, mwando, mweya wekufema, uye hwema. Kune zvakare vanoziva mimvuri. Havasvetuka, havabhururuke, asi vanokambaira zvishoma nezvishoma. Muhupenyu hwayo hwose, rudzi urwu rwearachnid harukwanisi kukambaira mamita gumi nemaviri.
Kunamatira zvipfeko, muviri kana mvere, ivo vari kutsvaga ganda rakapfava, vanongogara vachichera pakarepo. Masango anotema miti nouswa hurefu ndihwo hugaro hwavo. Anotakurwa nemhuka neshiri, saka vaya vanoshanda musango kana kupfuya zvipfuwo vari munjodzi huru. Iwe unogona kuzviunza mumba nemaruva emusango nematavi.
Hupenyu kutenderera kwechikwekwe.
Hupenyu hwechikwekwe hwakapatsanurwa muzvikamu zvina:
- mazai;
- larvae;
- nymphs;
- imago.
Hupenyu hunotarisirwa - kusvika kumakore matatu. Danho rega rega rinoda kudya kune muenzi. Mukufamba kwehupenyu hwese, chikwekwe chinogona kuchinja vanhu varo. Zvichienderana nehuwandu hwavo, bloodsuckers ndeiyi:
- Muridzi mumwechete. Vamiririri verudzi urwu, kutanga kubva kune mhute, vanopedza hupenyu hwavo hwose pane imwe chete.
- maviri-waya. Mumhando iyi, gonye nenymph zvinodya pane imwe chete, asi mukuru achibata wechipiri.
- Vatatu-muridzi. Chipembenene cherudzi urwu chinogara muchisikigo padanho rega rega rebudiriro uye chinovhima muenzi mutsva.
Ko zvikwekwe zvinoda mvura
Kuti uchengetedze basa rinokosha, kunze kweropa, zvikwekwe zvinoda mvura. Paunenge wakamirira munhu abatwa, inorasikirwa nehunyoro uye inoda kuidzosera. Iyi nzira inoitika nekubuda mumhepo kuburikidza necuticle inovhara muviri uye kuburikidza netracheal system, pamwe chete nemarara anoburitswa kubva mumuviri.
Nhamba shoma chete yezvipenyu inonwa mvura mupfungwa yedu yenguva dzose. Zvizhinji zvinotora mhute yemvura. Iyo nzira inoitika mumuromo mhango ye arthropod, uko mate anoburitswa. Ndiye anotora mhute yemvura kubva mumhepo, yobva yamedzwa nechikwekwe.
Kukosha mune zvakasikwa uye hupenyu hwevanhu
Hazvibviri kuwana nzvimbo isina zvikwekwe.
vavengi venyama
Zvikwekwe hazvisi kushanda gore rose. Munguva yechando uye zhizha, vanopinda munzvimbo iyo maitiro avo ese emetabolic anodzikira. Basa guru rinoitika muchirimo uye kutanga kwematsutso. Zvizhinji zvemaitiro avo zvinoenderana nemamiriro ekunze. Iyi nzira yehupenyu inova chikonzero chekuti ivo pachavo vanova vanyajambwa.
Vavengi vepanyama ve arthropods vanoderedza huwandu hwavo vanosanganisira:
Pakati pavo: majuru, lacewings, dragonflies, tsikidzi, centipedes uye mavu. Vamwe vanodya zvikwekwe zvekudya, vamwe vanoashandisa senzvimbo yekuchengetera mazai avo.
Vese havashore utachiona hunopinda munzira.
Dzichifamba muuswa, shiri dzinotarisa mhuka dzadzo. Mamwe marudzi eshiri anodya mavampire aya kubva pamatehwe emhuka.
Kupinda mukati mezvinyama zve arachnid uye kukura ikoko, vanosunungura chepfu inotungamirira kurufu rwe arachnid.
kutakura zvirwere
Huwandu hwevanhu vanobatwa nekurumwa nezvikwekwe huri kuwedzera gore negore. Pazvirwere zvavanotakura, zvinonyanya kuzivikanwa ndezvi:
- Chitupa chinotakurwa encephalitis - chirwere chetachiona chinokanganisa nheyo yenheyo uye uropi, zvichida nemigumisiro inouraya.
- Hemorrhagic fever - chirwere chechirwere chetachiona chine migumisiro yakaipisisa.
- Borreliosis - chirwere chakafanana neSARS. Nekurapa kwakakodzera, inopera mumwedzi.
Utachiona hwevanhu hunoitika sei?
Pamusana pekuti kudya kwearachnids iyi iropa, saka hutachiona hunoitika mushure mekurumwa. Chikwekwe mate anogona kunge aine hutachiwana hwehutachiona kana hwehutachiona. Mate echikwekwe ane utachiona ane ngozi kana achipinda muropa, uye zviri muura zvine ngoziwo.
Haasi ese zvikwekwe anogona kutapuriranwa. Kana muridzi pachake ari mutakuri weimwe rudzi rwehutachiona hweropa, chikwekwe chinochitora, sezvo vachikwanisa kutakura kusvika kune gumi nemaviri zvirwere.
Previous