Butterflies - rudzi rwezvipembenene izvo? Tsvaga chokwadi chinofadza pamusoro pevashanyi vakanaka vebindu.

Butterflies vagara vachifadza vanhu nekusiyana kwavo uye nekunaka. Muchikamu chino tichanyatso tarisa nyika yavo - hupenyu, tsika uye zvakavanzika zvakavanda kuseri kwemapapiro avo ane mavara. Chii chaunofanira kuziva pamusoro pavo?

Butterflies zvisikwa zvakanaka uye zvakasiyana-siyana.

Butterflies ndechimwe chezvipembenene zvakanakisa zvatinogona kuwana mumapindu, mapaki uye mafuro. Upenyu hwavo, huzere nokuchinja uye zvishamiso, hunofadza sokusiyana-siyana kwemavara avo. Mapuruguru makuru anodya zvakanyanya pamaruva emuchero, asi mamwe marudzi anogona kudya zvakaora kana michero yakaibva!

Chinhu chinonakidza chingava chekuti kune marudzi anosvika 150 3 emashavishavi anogara pasi rose. MuPoland unogona kuwana angangoita zviuru gumi emarudzi ediurnal butterflies. Mamwe anonyanyozivikanwa ndeepeacock butterfly, queen swallowtail uye lemon budworm. Nyika yedu inewo vamiririri vakawanda vemashavishavi nocturnal, sezvipfukuto.

Anatomy uye physiology - kunzwisisa chimiro cheshavishavi

Butterflies zvisikwa zvine chimiro chakareruka chemuviri:

• Chipfuva che butterflies inhengo yemuviri inosungirirwa mapapiro maviri maviri. Ichi ndicho chikamu chepakati chemuviri wavo, chakaparadzaniswa kubva kumusoro uye dumbu;
• mapapiro akafukidzwa nezvikero zviduku, achivapa mavara asina kujairika uye mapatani;
• Makumbo e butterflies anogadzirirwa kufamba uye kubata, uye miromo (nenzira yekapu yekusveta) inovabvumira kuunganidza zvokudya, kunyanya nekita kubva kumaruva.

Butterfly life cycle

Mashavishavi echikadzi anokandira mazai pamiti (mashavishavi ezuva) kana mumatope uye kuputika mumakwati (moths usiku). Mhuka inoputika kubva kwavari - muchikamu chemaruva, zvipembenene izvi zvinodya zvakanyanya pane zvakasiyana-siyana zvemiti. Butterfly makonye ane muviri wakapfava uye nemiromo yakasimba inokwanisa kutsenga nhengo dzakapfava dzezvirimwa. Pashure penguva yakati, vanopinda pupal stage, umo metamorphosis inoitika. Ipapo gonye rinovhara mucuticle uye rinoshandura chimiro chayo.

Chiitiko uye maitiro. Hupenyu hwemashavishavi munzvimbo dzakasiyana

Butterflies inogona kuwanikwa munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzenyika, zvichienderana nemarudzi, dzimwe dzinofarira mamiriro okunze anodziya uye dzimwe nzvimbo dzinotonhorera. Kondinendi chete isina zvipembenene izvi iAntarctica. Mamwe mashavishavi anotama uye anogona kufamba zviuru zvemakiromita achitsvaga mamiriro akakodzera ehupenyu nekubereka. Sezvineiwo, vamwe vanorarama mazuva mashomanana chete, nepo vamwe vachirarama kusvika kumwedzi inoverengeka.

MuPoland unogona kuwana marudzi akasiyana-siyana emashavishavi, ayo anowanzodya kune mamwe marudzi emiti. Swallowtail makonye anodya nettle mashizha, asi butterfly inofarira milkweed. Pamusoro pezvo, kuPoland ndiko kune mamwe marudzi akati wandei, kusanganisira chipfukuto cherufu.

Basa mu ecosystem uye kudzivirira. Sei tichifanira kudzivirira butterflies?

Butterflies anoita basa rinokosha mumhoteredzo yezvipenyu semukume wemarudzi mazhinji emiti. Izvo zvakare chinhu chakakosha checheni yekudya, kushanda sechikafu chemarudzi mazhinji eshiri uye zvimwe zvikara. Nehurombo, huwandu hwemashavishavi huri munjodzi nekuda kwekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze, kusvibiswa uye kurasikirwa kwenzvimbo yekugara.

Naizvozvo, kutarisira magadheni nemafuro ari kumusha kune akawanda marudzi emashavishavi kwakakosha zvakanyanya. Bindu rakazara nemaruva akasiyana-siyana anopa nekita ye butterflies inogona kuva nzvimbo yakanaka yekucherechedza zvipembenene izvi zvakanaka. Pamusoro pezvo, mashavishavi anodyawo mukume, ayo anobatsira mukumesa uye kuberekana kwemarudzi mazhinji ezvirimwa, izvo zvinodiwa pakuenzanisa kweiyo ecosystem.

Tingaita sei rutivi rwedu kudzivirira mashavishavi munharaunda yedu?

Kuti uite chikamu chako kuchengetedza butterflies, unogona kutanga nekugadzira nzvimbo ine shavishavi mubindu rako kana mhanza. Izvi zvinogona kuitwa nekudyara zvinomera zvinopa chikafu chegonye nemashavishavi akura. Uyezve, unogona kudzivisa kushandisa mishonga yezvipembenene nemakemikari emubindu anokuvadza mashavishavi. Kukurudzira nharaunda dzenharaunda kuchengetedza nzvimbo dzemashavishavi uye kuvadzidzisa nezvekukosha kwezvipembenene izvi kune ecosystem zvinogonawo kuva nzira dzinoshanda dzekudzichengetedza.

5 zvinonakidza chokwadi nezve butterflies - zvakakosha kuziva!

Vanhu vashoma vanoziva kuti zvipembenene izvi zvinonakidza sei! Vamwe vavo vane hunyanzvi hwakaoma kufungidzira:

1. Vane unyanzvi hwekufambisa hunoshamisa. Mamwe marudzi emashavishavi, akadai semonarch, anozivikanwa nekutama kwawo kunoshamisa, kunosvika zviuru zvemakiromita. Vanogona kuwana nzira yavo mukati menzendo refu.
2. Dzinotaurirana dzichishandisa mapapiro adzo. Butterflies vanokurukurirana nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana, uye vanowanzoshandisa mapapiro avo kutaurirana pakati pemarudzi. Kutenda kwavari, vanofambisa ruzivo nezve njodzi inogona kuitika, kumisa kurwiswa kwedzimwe mhuka.
3. Vanogona kutenderera mumhepo sehummingbird. Butterflies kubva kumhuri ye butterfly vanozvirumbidza nekugona uku. Pavanenge vachiunganidza nekita, dzinogara mumhepo nekubhabhadzira mapapiro adzo kusvika kashanu paminiti.
4. Ivo vakashongedzerwa nemuromo wakasarudzika. Mashavishavi akura ane miromo yakatendereka inovabvumira kuwana chikafu mumhando yemvura uye vanodya nekita yemaruva nemichero yemichero. Kana ichi chiyamwa chisisashandiswe, chinoramba chakamonya panzvimbo yakakosha pamusoro weshavishavi.
5. Shavishavi hombe pasi rose imoth inonzi white devil butterfly. Kureba kwemapapiro ayo masendimita makumi matatu!

Butterflies zvisikwa zvisina kujairika uye zvine mavara izvo zviri chikamu chakakosha chepasi redu. Hupenyu hwavo, huzere neshanduko uye kuchinjika kunoshamisa, humbowo hwekusiyana kunoshamisa uye kunaka kwezvisikwa. Kuchengeta kuchengetedzwa kwavo uye kunzwisisa basa ravo mune ecosystem kunofanirwa kubatsira kuchengetedza uku kushongedza kwakanaka kwepasi redu kune zvizvarwa zvinotevera. Kuwana nyika yemashavishavi zvakare mukana wekudzidza chimwe chinhu chitsva uye kuona kushamwaridzana kwepedyo nemasikirwo.