Ingapi paws ine spider: maitiro ekufamba kwearachnids
Mhuka imwe neimwe ine chimiro chakakosha. Kune mienzaniso inoshamisa yerudzii rwe "superpowers" vamiriri vezvipfuyo vane. Anofarira makumbo edandemutande, anoita mabasa akawanda akasiyana.
Zviri mukati
Vamiririri ve arachnids
Mhungu dzinowanzovhiringidzwa nezvipembenene. Asi chokwadi iwo makirasi akasiyana. Arachnids ikirasi hombe inosanganisira dandemutande. Ivo, sezvipembenene, vamiririri ve phylum Arthropoda.
Iri zita pacharo rinotaura nezvemakumbo uye zvikamu zvadzo - zvikamu izvo zvinosanganisira. Arachnids, kusiyana nearthropods dzakawanda, haigoni kubhururuka. Nhamba yemakumbo inosiyanawo.
Mhungu ine makumbo mangani
Pasinei nemhando yezvipenyu, dandemutande nguva dzose dzine 4 peya dzemakumbo. Havasi vakawanda kana vashoma. Uyu ndiwo mutsauko pakati pemadande uye zvipembenene - vane makumbo matatu chete ekufamba. Vanoita mabasa akasiyana:
- kurova muvengi;
- ruka dandemutande;
- kuvaka makomba;
- senhengo dzekubata;
- tsigira vadiki
- kuchengetwa kwemhuka.
Chimiro chemakumbo emhungu
Makumbo, kana semakumbo anowanzotaurwa, zvichienderana nerudzi rwespider, ane urefu hwakasiyana uye hurefu. Asi vane chimiro chakafanana. Zvikamu, izvo zvakare zvikamu zvegumbo, zvinosanganisira nhamba yezvikamu:
- pelvic;
Spider structure.
- swivel;
- chikamu chechikadzi;
- ibvi chikamu;
- shin;
- chikamu checalcaneal;
- paw.
Pane chikamu che claw chisina kupatsanurwa kubva pa paw, saka ivo havana kuparadzaniswa.
Mvere dzinovhara zvachose makumbo dzinoita senhengo yekubata.
Makumbo ekutanga neechina ndiwo akareba. Vari kufamba. Yechitatu ndiyo ipfupi.
Mabasa emakumbo
Mitezo yedumbu iri kufamba. Akareba uye anobvumira dandemutande kuti rifambe nekukurumidza, svetuka kumusoro nechitubu. Kufamba kwedandemutande kubva parutivi kunoratidzika kunge kwakatsetseka.
Izvi zvinogoneka nekuda kwekuti makumbo maviri ane mamwe mabasa: epamberi anodhonzwa kumusoro, uye kumashure ari kusunda. Uye kubva kumativi akasiyana kune mafambiro ari maviri maviri, kana yechipiri neyechina mbiri yakarongwa zvakare kuruboshwe, ipapo yekutanga neyechitatu iri kurudyi.
Sezvineiwo, nekufirwa kwenhengo imwe kana mbiri, dandemutande rinofambawo zvine simba. Asi kurasikirwa kwemakumbo matatu kwatova dambudziko kune arachnids.
Pedipalps uye chelicerae
Muviri wose wedandemutande une zvikamu zviviri: cephalothorax uye dumbu. Pamusoro pekuvhura kwemuromo kune chelicerae inovhara mazino uye inobata mhuka, pedyo nayo pane pedipalps. Maitiro aya akareba zvekuti anovhiringika nemakumbo.
bvudzi
Kune vhudzi pamwe nekureba kwese kwemakumbo edandemutande. Zvichienderana nerudzi, vanogona kusiyana muchimiro, ivo vakatota, vanobuda uye kunyange curly. Zvitsitsinho zvemakumbo echina zvakakora setae muchimiro chemuzinga. Vanoshandira kubatanidza webhu.
Akareba sei makumbo emhungu
Hurefu hunosiyana kubva pahushoma kusvika pahurefu zvichienderana nemamiriro ekugara uye mararamiro.
Haymaker.
Vakohwi, avo vanowanzonzi kune dandemutande, chaizvoizvo dandemutande renhema, vane makumbo marefu kwazvo uye muviri wakachena.
Vazhinji vane marekodhi:
- Brazilian inodzungaira spider - anopfuura 15 cm;
- Baboon - kupfuura 10 cm;
- Tegenaria - kupfuura 6 cm.
Izvo zvinoitika kuti kunyange mumhando imwechete yespider, pasi pemamiriro akasiyana ehupenyu, ukuru uye urefu hwemakumbo zvinosiyana.
mhedziso
Mhungu ine makumbo masere. Ivo vane basa rehuwandu hwemabasa akakosha kunze kwekunge locomotion. Ichi chiratidzo hachizununguki uye chinosiyanisa spider kubva kune dzimwe arthropods uye zvipembenene.
