Chii chaunofanira kuita kana munhu akarumwa nechikwekwe: zviratidzo nemigumisiro yehutachiona, kurapwa nekudzivirira
Muchirimo, zvikwekwe zvinoshandiswa - zvipembenene, zvinogona kutakura zvirwere, iyo ine ngozi zvikuru iyo inonzi inonzi tick-borne encephalitis. Zvinenge zvisingaite kuti uone pakarepo chipembenene pamuviri kana zvipfeko, uye kazhinji zvinokwanisa kunamatira kune akabatwa. Uyezve, paanotora nguva yakareba achinwa ropa, ndipo panowedzera mukana wekutapukirwa. Naizvozvo, zvakakosha kuti uzive kuti chikwekwe chinowanzo tarisa sei pamuviri wemunhu kuitira kuti uite chiito nenguva.
Zviri mukati
- Kuruma kwekwekwe kunoratidzika sei: mufananidzo
- Zvikonzero zvekuruma kwechikwekwe muvanhu
- Kurumwa nechikwekwe kune ngozi sei
- Zvekuita nekuruma chikwekwe first aid
- Zviratidzo nezviratidzo zvekurumwa nechikwekwe
- Chii chekuita nekurumwa kwechikwekwe, zvichienderana nerudzi rwechirwere
- Kudzivirira kurumwa nezvikwekwe
Kuruma kwekwekwe kunoratidzika sei: mufananidzo
Zvikonzero zvekuruma kwechikwekwe muvanhu
Zvikonzero zvinonyanya kukonzera kurumwa neropa ndezvi:
- anofamba munzvimbo dzingangove nengozi - nzvimbo dzesango, nzira dzakafukidzwa neuswa, manyoro, nezvimwewo;
- kuunza kumba zvinhu kubva musango - mabhasikiti, matavi, miti yakawa, maruva emaruva;
- kuongororwa kusina kukwana kana kushayikwa kwebvudzi remhuka - vanowanzounza zvipembenene mumba.
Kurumwa nechikwekwe kune ngozi sei
Haisi iyo yekuruma pachayo ine ngozi, asi hutachiona hunopinda kuburikidza nayo. Zvirwere zvine ngozi zvikuru zvinotakurwa nezvikwekwe ndezvi:
- encephalitis;
- borreliosis (chirwere cheLyme);
- erlichiosis;
- tularemia;
- relapsing fever.
Tsanangudzo yakadzama yezvirwere inopiwa muchinyorwa chiri pasi apa. Mukuwedzera, kuruma kweparasite kunogona kukonzera kusawirirana, kusvika kune anaphylactic shock.
Zvekuita nekuruma chikwekwe first aid
Tichifunga nezve njodzi yeropasuckers, zvinodikanwa kuenderera nekukurumidza mushure mekuwanikwa kwayo. Vanachiremba vanokurudzira zvakasimba kuti iwe pakarepo utaure nesangano rezvokurapa.
Mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya yekurumwa nechikwekwe
Vanachiremba vanowanzorayira mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya senzira yekudzivirira. Zvisinei, inofanira kurangarirwa kuti kuitora haisi vimbiso yokuti munhu akarumwa haazorwari, uyewo kuti haana simba pamusoro peencephalitis inotakura tick, sezvo chirwere chinokonzerwa nehutachiona.
Inonyanya kushandiswa ndeyeCefpodoxime, Doxycycline, Amoxicillin.
Chiyero uye kuwanda kwekutonga kunorayirwa nachiremba. Zvinokurudzirwa kutora mapiritsi chete mumaawa 72 ekutanga mushure mekurumwa.
Bvisa chikwekwe chakanamira
Zviri nani kupa izvi kune vanachiremba, vanozviita nemazvo, nekukurumidza uye zvisingarwadzi. Mukushayikwa kwemukana wakadaro, unofanirwa kuita wakazvimirira, kune izvi kune nzira dzakawanda. Zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa maturusi akakosha: pliers, yakakosha kana pharmacy tweezers. Zvakakosha kuti usabata chipembenene nemaoko asina maoko, sezvo kune ngozi yehutachiona kuburikidza ne microcracks uye maronda paganda!
Iyo algorithm yezviito kana uchibvisa chipembenene:
- kuibata pedyo neganda sezvinobvira;
- gadzira mafambiro akawanda ekufamba munzira ipi neipi;
- zvishoma nezvishoma, pasina kuzunungusa kana kuita mafambiro kamwe kamwe, bvisa;
- bata nzvimbo yekuruma nechero antiseptic.
Zvekuita kana isiri iyo chikwekwe chese chakabudiswa
Kana chipembenene chakabviswa zvisiri izvo, ipapo musoro wacho unogona kubva uye unoramba uri pasi peganda. Izvi zviri nyore kuona neziso rakashama: doti dema rinoonekwa pakati penzvimbo tsvuku.
Muchiitiko ichi, haufaniri kutya, sekutonga, muviri pachawo unoramba muviri wekunze mukati memazuva mashomanana.
Inokurudzirwa kuzadza ronda neine iodine yakawanda uye kunyatsoricherechedza. Muchiitiko chezviratidzo zvekuzvimba kana suppuration, zvinokurudzirwa kuonana nachiremba.
Magadzirirwo
Nekugadzirisa, unogona kushandisa chero antiseptic agent:
- doro solution;
- hydrogen peroxide;
- chlorhexidine;
- brilliant green.
Enda nechikwekwe ku lab
Inokurudzirwa kuendesa utachiona ku laboratori kuti iongororwe kuitira kuti uone hutachiona hwayo nehutachiona. Kuti uite izvi, chipembenene chinoiswa mumudziyo une chivharo chakasimba (test tube inonyatsokodzera kuongororwa). Pamwe chete nechikwekwe, chidimbu chakanyoroveswa cheshinda yekotoni kana jira inofanira kuiswa ipapo kuti irege kufa. Usati waendeswa ku laboratori, zvinobvumirwa kuchengeta zvipembenene mufiriji kwemaawa makumi mana nemasere.
Mazuva gumi mushure mekurumwa kweparasite, zvinokurudzirwa kupa ropa kuti rione masoja ekudzivirira chirwere anotapurirwa nezvikwekwe. Pakarepo chikwekwe chayamwa, hazvikurudzirwe kuita chidzidzo.
Ita immunotherapy sezvinokurudzirwa nachiremba
Zvichienderana nemhedzisiro yekudzidza kwechirwere, pamwe neserum yeropa kune masoja ekudzivirira chirwere, chiremba anosarudza nezve kukurudzirwa kwe immunotherapy, iyo inosanganisira kuiswa kwegamma-immunoglobulin mumuviri. Parizvino, munyika yedu, sevhisi iyi inopiwa pane yakabhadharwa. Mushonga unogona kuwanikwa mahara chete sechikamu chemabasa anopihwa pasi pemutemo weVHI.
Zviratidzo nezviratidzo zvekurumwa nechikwekwe
Iko kuruma pachayo hakuperekedzwi nemarwadzo muvanhu, uye saka inoenda isingaoneki kwenguva yakareba.
Ndezvipi zviratidzo mushure mekurumwa kwechikwekwe: zviratidzo zvekutanga
Izvo zvakananga zvinoenderana nehunhu hwechidziviriro chemuviri wemunhu, inguva yakareba sei mushure mekurumwa zviratidzo zvekutanga zvaro zvinoonekwa.
Kazhinji, zviratidzo zvekutanga zvekurwiswa kwechikwekwe ndezvizvi:
- utera huzhinji, hope;
- kurwadziwa mumhasuru nemajoini;
- photophobia;
- kutonhora
Zvimwe zviratidzo zvekuruma kwechikwekwe muvanhu
Uyezve, zviratidzo zvinova zvakanyanya uye zvinoenderana nerudzi rwehutachiona. Kazhinji zviratidzo zvehutachiona:
- kupisa tembiricha;
- lymph nodes yakakura;
- tachycardia;
- kushungurudza uye kurutsa;
- headache;
- neurological zviratidzo.
Chii chekuita nekurumwa kwechikwekwe, zvichienderana nerudzi rwechirwere
Nzira yekuita uye kuwedzera kurapwa kunoenderana nemhando yehutachiona. Mune chero mamiriro ezvinhu, kushanya kwachiremba kunosungirwa, kurapwa kwakakodzera panguva kunobatsira kudzivirira matambudziko akakomba uye kunopa mukana wekupora kuzere.
| Chirwere | Zviratidzo | tsananguro | Лечение |
|---|---|---|---|
| Encephalitis | kuwedzera kwakanyanya kwekushisa kusvika ku40 degrees; kuonekwa kwepundu pamuviri; kushungurudza uye kurutsa; | Chikwekwe encephalitis chirwere chinokanganisa tsinga dzevanhu. Iyo causative agent hutachiona. Iyo inoratidzirwa nekukurumidza kukura uye yakaoma kosi. Kazhinji zvinotungamirira kukuremara kwakanyanya uye rufu. | kutevedza nekuzorora kwemubhedha; kuiswa kwe immunoglobulin; kushandiswa kwezvinotsiva ropa uye prednisolone; nekukura kwemeningitis - yakawanda yevhitamini C uye boka B. |
| Borreliosis | kuonekwa panzvimbo yekurumwa kwechimiro chemavara dzvuku muchimiro chemhete (wandering erythema), iyo inozopedzisira yave yakajeka kumucheto uye chiedza mukati; kupisa tembiricha; kuwedzera kwenharaunda lymph nodes; kurwadziwa kwemhasuru nemajoini. | Chirwere chetachiona, iyo nzira inowanzova isingagumi. Muzviitiko zvisingawanzoitiki, zviratidzo zvekutanga zvinogona kuonekwa chete mushure memwedzi mitanhatu. | padanho renzvimbo yakatsvuka, mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya yeboka re tetracycline inoratidza kushanda kwepamusoro; neurological zviratidzo zvinomiswa ne intravenous infusions yemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya yepenicillin uye cephalosporin series; chiyero chemvura chinodzorerwa nerubatsiro rweprednisolone uye zvinotsiva ropa; mavhitaminzi, mishonga yekuvandudza cerebral circulation uye anabolic hormones inoshandiswa sekugadzirisa kurapa. |
| erlichiosis | fivha, fivha; digestive kusagadzikana: kuda kurutsa, kurutsa, manyoka; kudhakwa kwakawanda kwemuviri; SARS zviratidzo: kurwadziwa huro, yakaoma chikosoro. | Chirwere chinotapukira chinoratidzwa nekureba kwenguva refu: zviratidzo zvekutanga zvinogona kuonekwa mavhiki matatu mushure mekurumwa. | Ehrlichiosis inonyatso kurapwa nemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya uye inogadzirisa pasina matambudziko makuru. Ehrlichia (mabhakitiriya anokonzera zvirwere) anonzwira tsitsi kune mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya yetetracycline (doxycycline, tetracycline), inotsiva rifampicin nechloramphenicol. |
| chikwekwe-borne relapsing fever | kuonekwa kwepapule panzvimbo yekurumwa; musoro wakanyanya uye dzungu; kukanganisa kurara uye delirium; kuwedzera kudikitira; kuda kurutsa, kurutsa uye manyoka. | Chirwere chetachiona chinotakurwa nezvikwekwe. Iyo causative agent ibhakitiriya - spirochetes. | Chirwere chacho chinobudirira kurapwa nemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya yeboka re tetracycline. Nekudhakwa kwakanyanya kwemuviri, furosemide kana osmotic diuretics inoshandiswa. |
| Tularemia | fivha, fivha; Musoro wemusoro wakasimba; kuwedzera kwe lymph nodes; mune zvimwe zviitiko, nosebleeds. | Acute chirwere chinotapukira. | Mushonga unorwisa mabhakitiriya streptomycin ndiwo mushonga unoshandiswa pakurapa tularemia. Imwe nzira yemishonga inogona kuva gentamicin, doxycycline, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin. |
| babesiosis | tembiricha yakakwirira; headache; kurwadziwa mumhasuru nemajoini; kurasikirwa nechido; kusagadzikana kwekudya kwemhando dzakasiyana-siyana. | Babesiosis ine ngozi zvikuru kumbwa. Pakati pevanhu, vanhu vasina immunocompromised chete ndivo vanobatwa. Kunze, chirwere chinozviratidza sechirwere chetachiona. | kusanganiswa kwequinine uye clindamycin; kusanganiswa kweCotrimoxazole uye Pentamidine Diisocyanate; panguva imwe chete kugadzwa Atovakon uye Azithromycin. |
| fivha | kurasikirwa nechido; kurutsa "nzvimbo dzekofi"; hemorrhagic rash; nosebleeds. | Spotted fever haina kuwanda muRussia. Inotakurwa nezvikwekwe zvinogara muUnited States. Chikonzero chefivha ibhakitiriya Rickettsia. | Mushonga unoshanda zvakanyanya pakurapa kwefivha inopenya ndeye doxycycline. Kubvisa chiratidzo chehemorrhagic, heparin inobayiwa intravenously mumhinduro yeglucose. |
Kudzivirira kurumwa nezvikwekwe
Kurumwa nemaparasite kunogona kuva nemigumisiro yakakomba zvikuru. Kuti udzivise, zvakakosha kubhadhara zvakanyanya pakuchengetwa kwezviyero zvekudzivirira.
Pfeka hembe dzakavharwa neshangu.
Shandisa makemikari anodzivirira - repellents uye acaricides. Vanofanira kubata ganda uye zvipfeko zvevanhu vakuru nevana maererano nemirairo. Kune mhuka, kunewo zvakakosha zvigadzirwa nenzira yemadonhwe, makora, aerosols.
Panguva yekufamba uye pakudzoka kumba, zvinodikanwa kuita ongororo yakakwana yevose vatori vechikamu kuitira kuti vawane zvikwekwe pamuviri kana bvudzi.
Iyi nzira inozivikanwa seyero inoshanda yekudzivirira kwechikwekwe encephalitis pasi rose. Vaccination inoitwa mumatanho matatu, yekupedzisira inofanira kuitwa mushure memwedzi miviri isati yatanga mwaka wekuita kwekikwe.
Munguva pfupi yapfuura, zviitiko zvekurwiswa kwechikwekwe mudzimba dzezhizha zvave kuwanda. Panyaya iyi, kushandiswa kwekudzivirira tupukanana chinhu chakakosha chekudzivirira. Uye zvakare, iwe unofanirwa kudzikisira njodzi yezvikwekwe munyika iwe pachako: usasvibisa nzvimbo yacho nezvirimwa uye marara ekuvaka, dzivirira kutaridzika kwemhuka dzakarasika nemakonzo, usaunza matavi, matanda akafa, maruva, nezvimwe kubva sango.