Ndiani anodya zvikwekwe mumaketani echikafu: ndedzipi shiri dzinodya "bloodsuckers" uye nei zvipembenene zvichipfuura masango masvosve

Ndivanaani zvikwekwe

Zvikwekwe ndezvekirasi yearachnids, iyo inobatanidza zviuru makumi maviri nezvishanu zvemarudzi. Iwo madiki kwazvo, kubva muhukuru kubva 25 kusvika 000 mm, haawanzove anosvika 0,1 mm kureba. Zvikwekwe hazvina mapapiro; zvinofamba nemidziyo yekunzwa.

Anonhuwa mhuka yake iri kure kusvika mamita gumi, inodya ropa. Muviri wechikadzi wakafukidzwa nezviyero, nekuda kwekuti muviri wake unokwanisa kutambanudza, mushure mokunge wazara neropa, uye kuwedzera muhukuru.

Tsanangudzo nemhando

Mutumbi weropa unoumbwa nemusoro uye torso, uye ivo vane 8 kufamba makumbo. Musoro wakagadzirwa nenzira yekuti unobvumira kuti ugadzirwe mumuviri weakabatwa nenzira yekuti zvinozonetsa kuuburitsa. Panguva imwecheteyo, muchengeti weropa achiri kuvhara mate, izvo zvinogadzira kusimba kwakasimba muronda remunhu anenge abatwa.

Kune anopfuura 48 marudzi ezvikwekwe akajaira kugara munzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana dzemamiriro ekunze. Ixodid - inomiririra njodzi huru kuvanhu nemhuka, dzakapararira muRussia kwose kwose. Uyewo anozivikanwa mhando dzakadai:

Zvimiro zvemararamiro ezvikwekwe

Hupenyu kutenderera kwezvikwekwe.

Mukukura kwayo, chikwekwe chinogara mumatanho matatu uye pane chimwe nechimwe chine muridzi wayo. Mukadzi anorara makonyeinogara muvhu uye inodya ropa remakonzo.

Vanobva vanyunguduka voenda padanho rinotevera - nymph, mhuka huru dzinova vanyajambwa vavo.

Mushure mechikamu ichi, vanonyungudika uye vanova imago, kuva munhu mukuru. Kune zvakare idzo nhanho dzese dzebudiriro dzinoitika pamhuka imwe kana mbiri dzinenge dziri nhapwa yavo.

Chikwekwe chinogara kupi

Zvikwekwe zvinogara mumasikirwo, nekuti vanoda unyoro, hazvina kukwirira kupfuura mita imwe kubva pasi. Vanovandira mhuka yavo pasi, panhovo youswa, pamakwenzi.

Pamakumbo pane nhengo dzinonhuhwirira, nerubatsiro rwaanoongorora shanduko mukuumbwa kwemhepo. Kana munhu wacho asvika, anoyamwa ropa anonzwa izvi obva aita basa. Anomirira kuti munhu wacho apfuure uye anogona kukambaira kwaari pachake. Vasvika kune akabatwa, vanotanga kutsvaga nzvimbo iri nyore pamuviri, vachibatirira nerubatsiro rwepaws nemakapu ekuyamwa.

Chikwekwe chinodyei

Sezvo kune akawanda marudzi ezvikwekwe, anogona kupatsanurwa mumhando mbiri zvichienderana nerudzi rwechikafu:

• kudya pane zvakasara, zvinonzi saprophages;
• kudya muto wezvirimwa uye ropa remhuka nevanhu, vanonzi zvikara.

Kukosha mune zvakasikwa uye hupenyu hwevanhu

Zvinotendwa kuti matambudziko chete kuvanhu, mhuka nemiti zvinosanganiswa nezvikwekwe, nekurumwa kwavo. Kukuvadza kunokonzerwa nezvikwekwe:

• parasitize pamhuka, vanhu uye zvinomera;
• shatisa chikafu, hupfu, zviyo.

Kunyangwe kukanganisa kwakashata kweparasite pahutano hwevanhu nemhuka kwakakura, munhu anofanira kuziva kuti chii. batsira muchisikigo:

• dzinoshandiswa kudzora zvimwe zvipembenene zvekurima;
• vanoita basa rinokosha mukuumbwa kwevhu: kuparara kwemhuka uye zvipenyu zvemiti, kuzara kwevhu nema microorganisms anobatsira;
• bvisa zvirimwa zvezvipembenene.

Vavengi vezvakasikwa vezvikwekwe

Zvikwekwe hazvishande gore rose, kana kuchitonhora zvakanyanya kana kupisa, zvinopinda muchimiro chekuti maitiro avo emetabolic anodzikira. Munzvimbo iyi, vanogona kuwira mhuka dzakawanda dziri kutsvaga arthropods dzekudya. Herbivores anogonawo kuzvimedza pamwe chete nehuswa. Funga nezvevanonyanya vavengi venyama yeropa.

Shiri

Shiri dziri kutsvaga chikafu pasi injodzi huru kune vanodya ropa:

Shiri dzinoshanda zvakanyanya, uyezve, masayendisiti akawana kuti chii chinovakwezva kuropa riri mudumbu reparasite. Saka vanhu vane nzara vanowanzopona. Shiri dzinotsvaga chikafu chadzo mumhepo panhunzi hadzidye zvikwekwe.

Kune shiri dzinodya utachiona hwematehwe emhuka. Izvi zvinosanganisira cuckoos, nyati vanoruka, shiri dzepasi.

Insects

Zvikwekwe zvinogona kubatwa nezvipembenene zvakawanda:

Vavengi vanonyanya kushanda vevanomwisa ropa masvosve, chikwekwe chakadya pavari chikafu chinonaka. Vanomurwisa vari mumapoka makuru.

Vavengi vezvisikwa zvezvikwekwe muRussia

Panharaunda yeRussia, vavengi vane ngozi kune zvikwekwe vari tumbuyu, shiri nemhuka. Masvosve, lacewings, vatasvi, zvipembenene zvepasi ndizvo zvinonyanya kushanda. Ndivo vanodzivisa kuwedzera kwenhamba yevanosveta ropa. Kunyange zvazvo vachidya vanhu vakatodyiswa kare, izvi hazviiti kuti masango edu ave akachengeteka kuvanhu.

Zvisinei, kwete nguva dzose kuparadzwa kwezvikwekwe makemikari inozviruramisa nokuti zvinotungamirira kukuparadzwa kwevavengi vavo chaivo. Zvizvarwa zvinotevera zvezvikwekwe zvichagara munzvimbo dzakasununguka, kwete kutya kudyiwa.

Hazvina musoro kupisa uswa, sezvo makonzo maduku, shiri uye zvipembenene zvinobatsira zvichafawo mumoto. Zvakakosha kuti tisapindira zvakanyanya mumaitirwo echisikigo, sezvo kuparadzwa kwerudzi rumwe mucheni yezvokudya kuchitungamirira kurufu rwezvimwe zvakawanda.