Masvosve makuru pasi rose: epamusoro 8 tupembenene hombe ane ngozi

The Camponotus gigas svosve ndiyo hombe pakati pevamwe vayo. Madzimai anosvika kureba 31-33 mm, kushanda vanhu kusvika 22 mm, masoja - 28 mm. Mhando iyi inowanikwa muThailand, Malaysia, neIndonesia. Muviri mutema, makumbo eyero, uye kuseri kwemuviri kwakatsvuka-ruvara. Mhuri yakakura kwazvo, inosvika zviuru zvisere zvevanhu; chikamu chepasi cheanthill chinotora hekita yenyika. Majuru makuru aya anodya michero, mhodzi, zvakaora netsvina. Vanovhima usiku uye mumapoka evanhu gumi, mikova yeimba inochengetwa nguva dzose; kana pakaitika kurwisa, vanoratidza hutsinye. Pakati pemhuri pane hondo dzekugara, kurwisana kunopfuurira kusvika kumagumo anorwadza. Kurumwa kwemasvosve aya kunorwadza, asi marwadzo anokurumidza kupfuura uye hapana mhedzisiro ine njodzi kune hutano hwevanhu.

Dinopera hofori kana dinosaur svosve rinowanikwa kuSouth America. Mazhinji makoroni anowanikwa mumasango eAmazon eBrazil uye savannas ePeru. Masvosve aya anodya hove, shiri, uye tumbuyu; anorwisa mhuka, kuiruma, kuikwevera musvosve uye kuibvisa. Vanhu vanoshanda vehofori dinopera vanokura kusvika 33 mm. Muviri wavo wakasviba, unopenya, uye kune ane simba uye akapinza chelicerae mumusoro. Majuru aya haana rumborera kana muchetura. Mhuri dzavo idiki, vashoma chete vanhu gumi nevaviri; havana mambokadzi wechikadzi, varume chete. Madzimai anoshanda ane nhengo dzesikarudzi nemahomoni, zvekuti nhengo yega yega yemhuri inokwanisa kubereka vana. Asi imwe yehadzi yacho inokandira mazai uye inobudisa chimwe chinhu chinokosha, pheromone, pasi pesimba iro vanhu vose vari mumhuri vanomuteerera. Anthills inovakwa pakadzika 40 cm.

Svosve remaawa 24 rinogara muCentral neSouth America. Yakawana zita rayo nokuda kwekurumwa kwayo kunorwadza zvikuru, kuruma kumwe kunoenzana nemarwadzo nekurumwa kwe20 wasps, kurwadziwa kunopera mukati mezuva. Chikafu chemajuru aya muto, muto wemuti, netwupukanana. Madzimai anosvika 28-30 mm pakureba, varume kusvika 25 mm, vanhu vari tsvuku-brown, brown kana brown. Chinhu chakasiyana chemhando iyi mitsetse yero yakapenya pamakumbo epamberi. Varume vakareruka zvishoma pane vakadzi. Mhuri idiki, vanosvika 1000 vanhu.

Masvosve eWest Africa anotama-tama Dorulus nigricans ndeimwe yemajuru makuru anowanikwa mukondinendi yeAfrica. Kunyangwe masvosve evashandi ari madiki, anosvika 3 mm pakureba, masvosve echirume anotama-tama anogona kusvika pakureba kusvika 30 mm; hadzi, apo dzakamira, panguva yekuwanda kwemaoviposition, dzinosvika rekodhi saizi anosvika makumi mashanu mm. Masvosve ese ane rima rakasvibira kana dema. Mhuri dzavo dzakakura kwazvo, dzinosvika mamiriyoni makumi maviri nemaviri evanhu. Hupenyu hwekugara uye hwekutama-tama hwekoloni hunotora mavhiki maviri-50; panguva yekugara, mukadzi anokandira mazai, maruva anochochonya kubva paari, uye panguva imwecheteyo vanhu vakuru kubva kumakoko ekutanga kubereka kutenderera vanobuda. Makonye anodyiswa, anobereka, uye boka racho rinoenderera mberi. Majuru anotakura zvikoko. Varwi vanorinda boka racho. Dzinodya mujuru, dzichiparadza mujuru, zvimwe zvipembenene uye zvakaora. Masvosve emuAfrica ane chepfu, asi kuruma kwawo hakuna njodzi kuvanhu.

Mujuru webulldog anogara kuAustralia. Muviri wemajuru aya wakapendwa nemavara akajeka: tsvuku, yero, yebrown. Madzimai anosvika kureba kwe30 mm, varume - 21 mm, vanhu vanoshanda kusvika 26 mm. Vane simba, shaya dzakapinza uye huturu hune chepfu. Masvosve akura anodya muto uye nekita; majuru anodyiswa nezvimwe zvipembenene kana masvosve. Bulldog masvosve ane hasha, anotanga kurwisa, chepfu ine njodzi kumhuka nevanhu. Kune vanotozivikanwa kufa mushure mekurumwa nemajuru aya. Mabulldog anoona zvakanaka, kufamba nekusvetuka, kushambira, uye kuita ruzha. Vanorarama kusvika makore mashanu.

Masvosve anonzi Myrmecia brevinoda anowanikwa kuAustralia, uye rudzi urwu rwesvosve rwakaunzwa nevanhu kuNew Zealand. Vanhu vakakura muhukuru, vakadzi - 30 mm, varume - 22 mm, masvosve anoshanda anokura kusvika 36 mm. Muviri wakatsvuka-ruvara. Musoro muhombe, maziso akabudikira. Pane kuruma kumucheto kwedumbu. Mhuri dzine vanhu zviuru zviviri nemazana mashanu uye mambokadzi mumwe. Chisvosve chinogadzirwa pachishandiswa marara ezvirimwa nevhu. Masvosve evashandi anosiyana muhukuru; vanhu vakuru vanoshanda pamusoro, kuvhima, kurinda masuo echisvosve uye vari kuita basa rekuvaka chikamu chayo chepamusoro. Madiki, kureba kwemuviri wavo 2,5 mm, vanochera nzira mukati mesvosve. Kuruma kwerudzi urwu rwesvosve kunorwadza, asi chepfu haina ngozi kuvanhu, uye hapana zvinokuvadza pahutano.

Mujuru mutsvuku wemuvezi unowanzoitika munyika dzeEurope uye unowanikwa muRussia, kunyange muTrans-Urals. Mboro yehuni inogara mumasango ane coniferous uye ane deciduous. Vanhu vakapendwa zvitema, chipfuva chete chitema chine cherry tint. Vakadzi nevarume vatema, vane mapapiro, vanobhururuka kubva mudendere, uye vanogadzira makoroni matsva. Vanokura kusvika 20 mm; masvosve evashandi madiki. Masvosve anogara mumiti yakadonha nezvigutsa zvakaoma. Dzinotsenga migero yakawanda muhuni. Nenzira iyi, dzinogona kukuvadza mabasa ekutema matanda kana dzikagara muhunde dzemiti dzakaturikidzana. Kurumwa nemasvosve ekuveza hakuna njodzi kuvanhu, hakuna muchetura kana kuruma.

Mujuru muvezi mutema, sehama yayo, svosve dzvuku-mazamu, inowanikwa munyika dzeEurope, Russia, Kazakhstan, Caucasus uye kunyange Turkey. Masvosve matema ane masvosve awo pamicheto yemasango, mapango, uye nzvimbo dzakacherurwa. Svosve dema rekuveza idiki zvishoma pane hama yaro; varume vanosvika 15 mm pakureba. Vanhu vanoshanda vashoma, vanosvika 3 mm. Masvosve matema, magumo edumbu akareruka zvishoma, kumashure kwemuviri kwakafukidzwa nemvere dzvuku. Hono nehadzi dzine mapapiro uye dzinogona kubhururuka. Asi rudzi urwu rwesvosve haruwanzowaniki uye rakanyorwa muRed Book semhuka dziri mungozi yekutsakatika.