Chii chinonzi tsikidzi: marudzi etwupukanana, tupukanana uye zvikara zvinobatsira kubva muhurongwa hwetsikidzi
Tutsikidzi rudzi rwezvipembenene zvakajairika. Kwete masayendisiti chete anofanira kudzidza maitiro avo - anowanzogara mudzimba dzevanhu, izvo zvinokonzera vanhu matambudziko akawanda. Kune anopfuura zviuru makumi mana marudzi ezvipembenene izvi. Pazasi pane tsananguro yakadzama yezvipi zvipembenene zviripo, marudzi avo, mafoto.
Zviri mukati
Tsanangudzo yetsikidzi
Mibhedha inomiririra iyo Hemiptera. Sezvambotaurwa pamusoro apa, kune huwandu hukuru hwemhando dzezvipembenene izvi, asi pasinei nemarudzi akasiyana-siyana, vamiririri veiyi urongwa vane zvimwe zvakafanana.
Kuonekwa
Hunhu hwekunze hwetsikidzi hunogona kunge hwakasiyana, kazhinji kazhinji hunokonzerwa nemamiriro ekunze kwaanogara. Kureba kwemuviri kunogona kusiyana kubva pa 1 kusvika ku 15 mm. Zvipembenene zvinogara zviduku kudarika vanhu vakuru, asi zvinokurumidza kubata navo muhukuru. Zvakare, vakadzi vanogara vakakura kupfuura varume.
Muvara wezvipembenene ndewemhando mbiri: kudzivirira uye kuratidza.
Mavara anodzivirira (brown, green shades) ane marudzi mazhinji etsikidzi. Zvipembenene zvisina vavengi venyama mune zvakasikwa zvakapendwa nemavara akajeka. Mamiriro ezvakatipoteredza anosarudzawo chimiro chemuviri wetsikidzi: inogona kuva oval, tsvimbo-yakaita, yakatenderera, flat.
Structural features
Kudya
Kudya kwetsikidzi kunoenderana nerudzi. Kune marudzi anodya paropa revanhu nemhuka, zvimedu zveganda rakafa, bvudzi. Vamwe vanodya chete pakudya kwezvirimwa: mashizha, nhungirwa, michero. Kunewo zvipembenene zvepolyphagous, muzvokudya izvo kune imwe uye imwe chikafu.
Nzvimbo dzinogara tsikidzi
Pano, zvakare, zvese zvakasarudzika: zvimwe zvipembenene zvinogara chete munzvimbo inogara vanhu (mumigodhi, machira epamba, fenicha, mbatya, nezvimwewo), vamwe vanorarama chete mune zvakasikwa uye muminda yebindu.
Itsikidzi rudzii
Haasi marudzi ose etsikidzi anokuvadza vanhu uye zvekurima. Kune marudzi anobatsira, pamwe neayo asingakuvadzi kana kubatsira. Inotevera irondedzero yakadzama yemhando dzakasiyana dzezvipembenene izvi.
Mhando dzezvipembenene zvebindu nebindu
Mhando dzinoverengeka dzezvipembenene zvinogara mudzimba dzechirimo nemagadheni. Vanosveta jisi kubva mumiti, vanodya pamashizha, izvo zvinotungamirira kukufa kwechirimwa.
Mhando dzezvipembenene zvemubhedha
Zvipembenene zveparasitic zvinodya paropa remhuka dzine ropa rinodziya uye dzinowanzoisa njodzi kwavari, sezvo ivo vatakuri vehutachiona hunotyisa.
Zvekurara
Vanogara chete munzvimbo inogara vanhu, vachifarira mubhedha. Kureba kwemuviri kunogona kusiyana kubva pa3 kusvika ku 8 mm - munhu akadyiswa zvakanaka anowedzera muhukuru, ruvara rwemuviri rutsvuku. Inorwisa munhu, sekutonga, usiku: inobaya ganda neproboscis inopinza uye inosveta ropa.
| Cimex lectularius | Iyi imhando yetsikidzi. Iyo inoratidzirwa neoval body shape, brown body color. Kana yakaguta, bug inowana tsvuku tsvuku uye inowedzera zvakanyanya muhukuru. |
| Cimex adjunctus | Iri zvakare diki diki tsikidzi. Iko kunenge kusina misiyano yekunze mumaonero atsanangurwa pamusoro apa. Inoshandisa ropa rezviremwaremwa sechikafu, asi dzimwe nguva inogonawo kurwisa vanhu. |
Cimex hemipterus
Vanodya paropa rehuku, saka mapurazi ehuku anowanzova nzvimbo yavo yekugara. Vanokwanisawo kurwisa munhu, asi vanhu vanogara pedyo neshiri vanowanzova vanyajambwa vavo. Cimex hemipterus inogara chete munzvimbo dzinodziya dzine mamiriro ekunze anopisa.
Oeciacus
Inobatwa netwupukanana utwu ishiri yerudzi rumwe chete – swallows. Ntsikidzi dzinogara mumatendere adzo uye dzinofamba pamusoro pawo. Chipembenene chine muviri wakaurungana, wakapendwa chena. Yakaparadzirwa zvakanyanya muEurope chikamu cheRussia.
Triatomine bug (Triatominae)
Ichi chipembenene chinoonekwa sechinotyisa zvikuru, sezvo chinogona kukanganisa munhu ane chirwere chakakomba - chirwere cheChagas. Yakakura chaizvo - vanhu vakuru vane muviri wakareba anenge masendimita maviri. Rudzi rwakasviba, kune mavara matsvuku kana eorange pamativi.
Mhando dzetsikidzi dzinogara mumvura
Mhando dzakawanda dzetsikidzi dzajaira kurarama mumvura. Zvipembenene zvakadaro zvinosiyaniswa nemakumbo akareba, akagadzirwa, ayo anoshandisa sereki kufamba mumvura. Zvose zvipembenene zvemvura zvinodya zvikara nenzira yekudyisa.
Mabhedha vabatsiri
Mamwe marudzi etsikidzi anodya dzimwe twupukanana. Nechikonzero ichi, ivo vanoonekwa sevanobatsira uye vanonyatso kurerwa uye kutengeswa.
| Bed bug Podisus maculiventris | Rudzi rwevamiriri verudzi urwu rwunosiyana kubva kune beige kusvika kune brown. Kureba kwemuviri kunosvika 11 mm. Iyo bug Podisus maculiventris inodya mapere eColorado potato beetle, gypsy moth, uye American whitefly. |
| Anthocoris nemorum | Zvipembenene zviduku (zvisingapfuuri 4 mm) pakureba, zvine muviri webrown. Gadzirisa pamichero, zvirimwa zvemuriwo, nectariferous zvirimwa. Dzinodzivirira zvirimwa kubva kuzvipembenene zvakaita seaphid, mite mitsvuku yemichero, makonye emashizha, nemapeya anoyamwa. |
| Zvipembenene zvinoparadza zve genus Orius | Siyana mudiki saizi uye hombe voracity. Kuparadza aphid, mazai ehonye, spider mite uye zvimwe zvipembenene pane chero nhanho yekukura kwavo. Mukusavapo kwezvokudya muhuwandu hunodiwa, vanogonawo kushandisa muto wemiti, iyo isingakuvadzi iyo yekupedzisira. |
| Mhuri yezvikara (Reduviidae) | Ivo vanosiyaniswa nemuvara usina kujairika: chikamu chikuru chemuviri chakasviba, asi kune akajeka, orenji uye matsvuku. Vanovhima murima chete: vanowana nzvimbo dzekukandira zvipembenene uye vanosveta mazai. |
| Mhuri yeMacrolophus yehoveflies (Miridae) | Vakuru vane muviri diki (kwete kupfuura 4 mm) wakareba, wakapendwa mumumvuri wegirinhi. Vanosiyaniswa nekudyisa kukuru: mumwedzi vanogona kuparadza anenge zviuru zvitatu mazai e whitefly. |
| Perillus bicentennial | Vamiririri vemhando iyi vanosiyaniswa nehombodo yakasviba ine muenzaniso wakajeka. Chikafu chikuru cheprillus ndiyo Colorado mbatata beetle pamatanho ese ekukura. Kana pasina zvipembenene, ipapo tsikidzi dzinotanga kushandisa makonye uye butterflies sechikafu. |
Mhando dzezvipembenene zvinobatsira
Mhando dzinotevera dzetsikidzi dzinobatsirawo pakurima.
tsikidzi dzisingakuvadzi
Zvipembenene zvakadaro zvinogona kunzi kwazvakarerekera maererano nezvinhu zvekurima: hazvikuvadzi kana kubatsira.
Murwi wetsikidzi
Mhando iyi yetsikidzi yagara ichizivikanwa nevakawanda kubva paudiki nekuda kwekusiyana kwayo kwemavara: nhovo yeruvara rutsvuku rwakapfuma nemapeteni matema. Chimiro chemuviri chakati sandara, chakareba. Panguva imwecheteyo, zvipembenene zvinogara mumakoroni makuru uye hazvitsvaki kuvanza kubva pameso evanhu. Pamazuva ezuva, kuunganidza kwavo kunogona kuonekwa pamakumbo, miti, zvivako zvemapuranga.
alder bug
Rimwe zita rezvipembenene izvi ndimai huku. Mhuka iyi yakawana zita rayo nekuda kwekuti vakadzi vanosarudza chete muti wealder wekuberekesa. Chinhu chinonakidza chevamiririri vemhando iyi ndechokuti vakadzi havazombosiyi dendere kusvikira mapere akasimba uye anogona kudya ega.
Chii chinogona kukanganisa tsikidzi dzemubhedha?
Zvipembenene izvi kazhinji tupukanana. Panguva imwecheteyo, kukuvadza kwavanoita kunoenderana nerudzi rwavo.
- Saka, semuenzaniso, bhedha kana tsikidzi dzemba hadzikwanise kukuvadza zvakanyanya kuhutano hwevanhu - hadzitakure zvirwere zvine njodzi uye mavhairasi, asi kuvapo kwavo kunogona kukuvadza hupenyu: bhedha inoruma itch kuitira kuti kurara kunozorora kuve kusingabviri.
- Mamwe marudzi anogara pamiti anokwanisa kuparadza zvirimwa kana kukuvadza zvakanyanya.
Ntsikidzi Dzinogona Kukubatsira Here?
Zvisinei, zvipembenene zvinogonawo kubatsira: zvinoparadza zvimwe zvipembenene, nokudaro zvichiita basa rekurongeka. Mhando dzinobatsira kuvanhu uye zvirimwa zvakatokurukurwa pamusoro apa.
Mibhedha mubindu nemubindu
Kuti udzivise zvipembenene mubindu, unogona kushandisa makemikari nemishonga yevanhu. Mishonga yezvipembenene inoshanda kurwisa tsikidzi:
- chlorophos;
- phosphamide;
- actor;
- karbofos.
Nzira dzevanhu dzekurwa hadzisi dzakasimba semakemikari, asi dzakachengeteka kuvanhu nemhuka.
Pane zvinotevera resipi:
- onion peel. 200-300 gr. onion peel dururira 1 litre yemvura inopisa uye uende kwemazuva 3-5, wozoomesa. Nemushonga unoguma, rapa nzvimbo dzakabatwa netsikidzi.
- Tincture yemiti inonhuhwirira. Ita decoction yevhavha, pepper inopisa uye gavakava. Bata zvirimwa nemvura inenge yabuda.
- Natural Repellers. Dyara wolfberry, dema cohosh kutenderedza nzvimbo - zvirimwa zvakadaro ndezvakasikwa zvinodzinga tsikidzi.
Nzira yekubvisa sei vaenzi vasina kukokwa mumba
Sezvambotaurwa pamusoro apa, nzira inonyanya kushanda yekubata netsikidzi ndeye mishonga yezvipembeneneZvisinei, kushandiswa kwavo hakusi kwakachengeteka nguva dzose.
Yakazara mirairo yekubvisa imba uye yadhi yetsikidzi - batanidzo.
Chokwadi Chinonakidza Pamusoro petsikidzi
Ntsikidzi zvipembenene zvinosemesa izvo, pakutanga kuona, hazvigone kufarira. Zvisinei, pane zvimwe zvinonakidza zvinobatanidzwa nazvo:
- MuThailand, tsikidzi huru dzemvura dzinoshandiswa sechirairo chegourmet.
- Kutanga kutaurwa kwezvipembenene kunowanikwa munhoroondo dze400 AD. BC. Aristotle aidavira kuti aigona kushandiswa kurapa hosha dzenzeve uye kuderedza migumisiro yokurumwa nenyoka.
- Chipembenene chemvura cheMicronecta scholtzi chinokwanisa kuita ruzha runofananidzwa neruzha rwekutinhira kwelocomotive inomhanya - varume vane mutsindo wakadaro vanokwenya nhengo yavo kumativi kuti vakwezve murume kana mukadzi. Zvisinei, munhu haanzwi ruzha urwu, sezvo tsikidzi ichiita izvi pasi pemvura.
- Acanthaspis petax imhando yezvipembenene zvinodya zvinogona kuzvidzivirira kune vavengi vezvakasikwa nenzira inoshamisa: vanouraya majuru uye kuisa matehwe avo kumusana. Madandemutande, ayo anorwisa tsikidzi, haakwanise kuaziva nenzira yakadaro uye oanzvenga.