Triatomine bug: kutaridzika uye tsananguro yechipembenene chine rudo kubva kuMexico
Triatomine bugs vamiririri vemhuri yezita rimwe chete, vanogara kunyanya kuSouth America continent. Vanhu vanoidaidza kuti "kutsvoda bug" kana "muurayi munyoro" - kazhinji inogara pachiso munzvimbo yemiromo nemeso uye inotakura chirwere chinouraya.
Zviri mukati
- Triatom bug: tsananguro uye maficha emhando
- Ko triatomine bugs vanogara kupi
- Nzira yekuziva sei kuti bug yekutsvoda yagara pedyo
- Chii chekuita kana triatomic bug yakawanikwa kumba
- Sei triatomine tsikidzi dzine ngozi kuvanhu?
- Chii chinonzi Chagas chirwere
- Nzira yekurapa chirwere cheChagas
- Kudzivirirwa kwekurumwa kwetriatomic bugs
Triatom bug: tsananguro uye maficha emhando
Iyo triatomine bug ndeyemhuri yezita rimwe chete. Vose vamiririri vemarudzi aya vanosiyaniswa nehukuru hwavo hukuru uye maitiro chaiwo.
Chitarisiko uye chimiro
Iyo yekutsvoda bug ipembenene hombe, kureba kwemuviri wayo kubva pa2 kusvika 3,5 cm, rima remarasha kana grey muruvara rine mitsara yakatsvuka yakadanwa kumucheto. Muviri wakaita peya. Musoro muhombe, wakaita koni nemaziso akatubuka. Kumusana kune mapapiro akapetwa ane dehwe. Chipembenene chine mapeya matatu emakumbo akatsetseka.
Kubereka uye kutenderera kwehupenyu
Ko triatomine bug inodyei?
Chikafu chikuru chekutsvoda bug iropa revanhu nemhuka. Uyezve, kwete vanhu vakuru chete, asiwo nymphs inodyisa nenzira iyi. Mukutsvaga kwekugara kwevanhu, chipembenene chinokunda madaro akareba, sekutonga, chiedza chekugadzira chedzimba ndicho chirevo chayo.
Chipembenene chinoruma kumeso nguva dzose. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuti inokwezvwa nekabhoni dioxide, iyo munhu anoburitsa muchiroto.
Kusiyanisa kubva kune mamwe marudzi
Iyo triatomine bug yakafanana nezvimwe zvipembenene, asi inogona kusiyaniswa nemapapiro eganda uye yakatetepa, ichienda kumagumo, paws.
Ko triatomine bugs vanogara kupi
Zvipembenene zvine ngozi zvinogara munyika dzine mamiriro ekunze anopisa chete. Iyo yakanyanya kutonhorera tembiricha kwaari ndeye + 25-28 madhigirii.
Munyika dzipi munogona kuwana tsikidzi
Nyika dzinogara kutsvoda bug dziri munharaunda yeSouth neNorth America.
Vagari vematunhu anotevera vanowanzotambura nekurumwa kwechipembenene ichi:
- Gwatemara;
- Ekwadho;
- Borivhiya;
- Ajendina;
- Korombiya;
- Urugwayi;
- Panama;
- Bhuraziri.
Mukuwedzera, mumakore achangopfuura, zviitiko zvekuonekwa kwezvipembenene zvakawedzera kunyorwa kune dzimwe nyika: Pakistan, Malaysia, Thailand, Singapore. Nyanzvi dzinotsanangura kuwedzera kwekugara kwebug nekuvandudzwa kwevafambi uye kutakura zvinhu.
Iyi mhuka inowanikwa muRussia here?
Mamiriro ekunze emamiriro ekunze enyika yedu haakodzeri kwaanogara, saka, muRussia hakuna kumbove nenyaya dzekutsvoda kurwisa kwekikwe. Vanhu vekuRussia vanogona kungotambura nekurumwa kwayo pavanenge vachifamba kuzororo kana nzendo dzebhizinesi. Vanhu vanoshanyira nyika dziri pamusoro vanorairwa kuti vaverenge ruzivo nezveparasite iyi.
Nzira yekuziva sei kuti bug yekutsvoda yagara pedyo
Kazhinji kazhinji, kuvapo kwechirwere muimba yekugara kunoonekwa nekusangana kwakananga nayo, kana kuti munhu anozviona netsaona pamubhedha. Zvakare, kutaridzika kwemavara machena kana akasviba asina kuzivikanwa kwaakabva pamubhedha anogona kuratidza kutaridzika kwayo.
Ndezvipi zvipembenene zvinowanzovhiringidzika nekutsvoda zvipembenene
Kurongeka kwetsikidzi kunobatanidza marudzi anenge zviuru makumi mana. Mamwe acho akafanana zvakanyanya ne triatomic:
Chii chekuita kana triatomic bug yakawanikwa kumba
Kana tsikidzi yekutsvoda ikawanikwa mumba, usamboibata nemaokouye, sezvo chirwere chinogona kuitika kuburikidza microcracks muganda.
- Unofanira kupfeka magirovhosi kana kudzivirira maoko ako nejira, tora chipembenene, wochiisa mumudziyo une chivharo chakasimba wochitumira kurabhoritari kuitira kuti nyanzvi dzione kana munhu wacho ari mutakuri wechirwere chinotapukira.
- Pamusoro pakawanikwa chipembenene chinofanira kurapwa. Kana iri jira, saka zviri nani kuipisa. Kana nzvimbo yacho yakaoma, saka inofanira kushambidzwa nemvura ine sipo uye bleach.
Sei triatomine tsikidzi dzine ngozi kuvanhu?
Chii chinonzi Chagas chirwere
Chirwere cheChagas chirwere cheparasitic. Iyo causative agent ndiyo unicellular microorganism Trypanosoma cruzi. Iwe unogona kutapukirwa kwete chete kuburikidza nekurumwa kweparasite, kunyange kushamwaridzana kwenguva pfupi nepamusoro pemuviri wake kunogona kukonzera utachiona.
Ikozvino hakuna mushonga weAmerican trypanosomiasis.
Zviratidzo zvehutachiona
Iyo incubation nguva yechirwere inobva pa7 kusvika ku40 mazuva. Chirwere chacho pachacho chinoitika mumatanho maviri, zviratidzo zvinoenderana nedanho rekukura kwechirwere.
Acute phase
Kazhinji, kuratidzwa kwekiriniki kunoitika kamwechete mushure mekurumwa, muzviitiko zvisingawanzoitiki chikamu ichi chinogona kunge chisina asymptomatic. Mushure mekutapukirwa, kutsvuka, kuzvimba, uye kapundu kadiki kunoonekwa panzvimbo yekurumwa. Zvimwe zviratidzo zvakafanana nekuratidzwa kwechando, saka ivo vanowanzoregeredzwa.
Izvi zvinosanganisira:
- fivha
- kupisa tembiricha;
- lymph nodes yakakura;
- kuzvimba kwechiso;
- zviduku zvishoma paganda;
- gastrointestinal kusagadzikana.
Chiratidzo chetachiona chetachiona ndicho chinonzi chiratidzo cheRoma - kuputika kwakanyanya uye kudarika kwemaziso pamusoro peziso. Panguva ino, njodzi yekufa kwemurwere yakakura kana ikasapihwa rubatsiro nenguva. Nhanho inopera mushure memwedzi 1-2, uye kana pakanga pasina kurapwa, chirwere chacho chinopinda muchikamu chisingaperi.
Munguva iyi, muviri unogadzira masoja ekudzivirira chirwere. Zvisinei, izvi hazvirevi kuti pane kupora. Zviratidzo zvinongova zvishoma zvishoma uye uku ndiko kunyengedza kwechirwere - chinoramba chichiparadza nhengo, asi panguva imwechete munhu anogona dzimwe nguva kunzwa kusagadzikana nenzira yekurwadziwa mudumbu kana mwoyo, asi zvisinei, kuchinja kusingagadziriswi kunoitika. mumuviri. Chikamu chisingaperi chinogona kugara kwemakumi emakore akawanda. Mhedzisiro yakakomba yechirwere cheChagas kukura kwemhasuru yemoyo, chiropa, esophagus, matumbu. Mu5-10% meningitis uye meningoencephalitis inoonekwa.
Muzviitiko zvakawanda, trypanosomiasis inobatwa kuburikidza nekurumwa nebug. Ropa rinofarira kuruma munzvimbo yakatenderedza maziso nemuromo, saka kazhinji hutachiona hunopinda nemu mucous membranes kana munhu achikwesha nzvimbo yekuruma. Mate echipembenene ane anesthetic, saka munhu panguva yekuboora ganda nechikwekwe haanzwe kusagadzikana. Zvipembenene pachazvo zvinotapukirwa nehutachiona kubva kumhuka dzesango - tsoko, opossums, makonzo uye armadillos.
Kupinda kwehutachiona hweChagas mumutumbi wemunhu kunogonawo kuitika mune dzimwe nzira: tactile kusangana nechipembenene chine utachiona: hutachiona hunopinda muganda, uye hunopinda kuburikidza nemaronda, microcracks, uye mucous membranes. Kupinzwa netsaona kwetsvina yezvipembenene zvanga zviri muchikafu chisina kubatwa nekupisa kwakakodzera. Kubva kuna amai vane utachiona kuenda kumwana panguva yekusununguka nekuyamwisa. Kana uchidya nyama yemhuka dzinorwara, nekuwedzerwa ropa uye nhengo dzemuviri.
Parizvino, kuongororwa kwechirwere cheChagas hakuna kukwana. Kuti uone zvakavimbika kana zvichidikanwa kuita bvunzo dzinoverengeka. Kazhinji kazhinji, kuongororwa kweropa reserological uye bvunzo yeGuerreiro-Machado inoitwa pachidzidzo. Xenodiagnosis inoshandiswawo: ropa remunhu angangove ane utachiona rinopinzwa muhutano hwekutsvoda tsikidzi, zvino zvipembenene zvinoongororwa chirwere cheChagas. Kana chirwere chacho chapfuura muchikamu chisingaperi, kazhinji migumisiro yekuedza haina kunaka.
Nzira yekurapa chirwere cheChagas
Kusvika iye zvino, hapana mushonga unoshanda wechirwere cheChagas. Therapy is symptomatic, uye zvakare yakanangana nekudzikisa huwandu hwemaparasites mumuviri.
Kana iwe ukatanga kurapwa muchikamu chakaoma, ipapo mukana wekugadzirisa zvakakwana ndeye 90%.
Mishonga inonyanya kushandiswa ndeyeNifurtimox uye Benznidazole. Mishonga iyi ine antiprotosis uye inouraya utachiona. Muchikamu chisingaperi, kutora mishonga iyi hazvikurudzirwi, kurapa kwekuchengetedza chete kunoshandiswa.
Kurumwa kurapwa kumba
Izvo zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti kurapwa kwe tryponasomiasis kumba pamberi peacute, hunhu zviratidzo hazvigamuchirwi uye kutsvaga rubatsiro rwekurapa kunosungirwa.
Nekudaro, usati waenda kuchipatara, unogona kutora matanho ekukurumidzira iwe pachako:
- geza nzvimbo yekuruma nemvura inodziya uye antibacterial sipo;
- shandisa chando chakaiswa muhomwe yepurasitiki yakachena kune ganda pedyo nenzvimbo yekuruma kuti ubvise kuzvimba;
- bata ronda nechero antiseptic - doro solution, disinfecting gel;
- kuti ubvise kuchenesa, shandisa calamine kana fenistil paganda;
- hapana mhosva usapeta nzvimbo yekuruma, zvinokurudzirwawo kutema zvipikiri zvako zvakanyanya sezvinobvira kuti urege kukwenya ronda nemasikirwo kana muchiroto;
- kutora chero antihistamines.
Ndezvipi zviratidzo zvinoda kuendeswa kuchipatara?
Sezvambotaurwa pamusoro, unofanira kubata chiremba chiremba chero zvipi zvazvo. Izvi zvinotevera zviratidzo ndicho chikonzero chekufonerwa nechimbichimbi kuna chiremba:
- dzungu uye kurasikirwa kwekutarisa munzvimbo;
- kuzvimba kwemaziso;
- kupfupika kwekufema, kurwadziwa mumoyo;
- kupisa tembiricha;
- kuputika kweganda;
- kurutsa, manyoka, kana kusvira zvakanyanya.
Kudzivirirwa kwekurumwa kwetriatomic bugs
Iko hakuna jekiseni rekudzivirira chirwere cheChagas, asi kutevera matanho akareruka ekudzivirira anogona kuderedza njodzi yekutapukirwa:
- shandisa mesh yakakosha kuchengetedza mahwindo nenzvimbo dzekurara, izvo zvinodzivirira kupinda kweparasite;
- chengeta mitemo yose yehutsanana hwemunhu;
- seprophylaxis, tora zvinodhaka zvinoenderana nepermetrin;
- kana zvipembenene zvikawanikwa mumba, shandisa makemikoro akakosha kuti uzviparadze.