Tsvuku tsvuku kana musoja nyuchi: foto uye tsananguro yeinopenya firefighter bug
Vamiririri vemhuri yered-bug, vanozivikanwa nevakawanda kubva pauduku semasoja mabheti, pasinei nekuonekwa kwavo kusina ngozi uye mukurumbira wakanaka, vanokwanisa kukonzera kukanganisa kwakanyanya kune chirimwa. Kazhinji, varimi vanofanira kushandisa nzira dzakaoma dzekutamburira kuchengetedza kudyara kwavo.
Zviri mukati
- Zvipembenene zvitsvuku (Pyrrhocoris apterus): tsananguro yakazara
- Habitat yezvipembenene zvitsvuku
- Zvinokonzera uye zviratidzo zvekuonekwa kwemasoja tsikidzi mubindu
- Bug-musoja: kukuvadza uye kubatsirwa kubva kune chipembenene
- Nzira dzekutarisana nemakumbo matsvuku
- Nzira yekubvisa sei tsikidzi dzevarwi mumba uye mufurati
- Kudzivirirwa kwekuonekwa kwetsikidzi-masoja
- Zvimwe zvipembenene zvinowanzovhiringika netsikidzi dzemasoja
- Zvinofadza chokwadi pamusoro pezvipembenene zvitsvuku
Zvipembenene zvitsvuku (Pyrrhocoris apterus): tsananguro yakazara
Mabhuru matsvuku ndeemhuri yezita rimwe chete, iyo Coleoptera order. Aya ndiwo akajairwa, tsikidzi dzepasi dzine saizi isingapfuure 9-11 mm. Tupembenene tunoshanda kubva munaKurume kusvika Gumiguru.
Kuberekwa uye kufambira mberi
Masoja anodyei?
Habitat yezvipembenene zvitsvuku
Masoja ematoyi akapararira munzvimbo dzine mwero. Inowanikwa muEurasia yose, muUnited States uye kuchamhembe kweAfrica.
Nzvimbo dzavanonyanya kufarira ndeidzi:
- mirwi yehuswa hwakaoma nemashizha;
- makwati emuti uye stumps;
- hwaro hwezvivakwa zvekutengesa.
Zvinokonzera uye zviratidzo zvekuonekwa kwemasoja tsikidzi mubindu
Zvikonzero zvikuru zvekuonekwa kwepest pane saiti zvinosanganisira:
- makomo emashizha akaoma, uswa uye mamwe marara emarara;
- zvitsiga zvakaora uye zvinoora;
- nhamba huru yemasora, kunyanya quinoa uye gavakava;
- kuvapo kwezvirimwa zvema legumes, alfalfa, woodpile.
Mune zvimwe zviitiko, masoja anogona kuonekwa muimba yega. Zvipembenene zvinonyatso gadzirisa uye zvinogona kuwana chikafu ipapo - kazhinji mbesa dzemumba, mbesa nemimwe miriwo inoshanda sechikafu.
Chimiro chakacherechedzwa: kana mumwe musoja achinja nzvimbo, hama dzinomutevera pakarepo. Kana pasina zvokudya, vanofa kana kuti vane nguva yokuwana imwe nzvimbo yokugara.
Zviratidzo zvaunogona kufungidzira kutaridzika kwemasoja pane saiti:
- kuonekwa kwemavara matsvuku pamashizha emakabheji uye kufa kwavo;
- kubuda kwebuds nemaruva;
- kuomesa uye kumonyanisa beet pamusoro;
- kukurumidza kuomeswa kwezvirimwa zvemuamburera mhuri.
Tsvuku dzvuku dzine tsika yekudziya mushana. Kazhinji imwe kana nhamba diki yevanhu inogona kuwanikwa kuseri kweichi basa. Muchiitiko ichi, zvakakosha kuongorora nzvimbo iyo zvipembenene zvinogona kuvanza - sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, vanogara mumakoloni.
Bug-musoja: kukuvadza uye kubatsirwa kubva kune chipembenene
Vakawanda vanofunga kuti zvipembenene zvitsvuku zvipembenene zvisingakuvadzi, asi izvi ndezvekunyepedzera. Kunyangwe nhamba shoma yezvipembenene izvi zvinogona kukonzera kukanganisa kukuru kune zvirimwa zvebindu.
Kukuvadza kunokonzerwa nevadzimi vemoto
- nerubatsiro rweproboscis ine simba, vanobaya matanda nemichero yezvirimwa, vanosveta muto wavo, somugumisiro, muti unooma uye unofa;
- varwi vanofarira zvikuru kudya mazambiringa, vachivaparadza - michero yakakanganiswa inova isina kukodzera kudya, uye zvibereko zvezvirimwa zvakaderedzwa zvakanyanya;
- kukuvadza mabheti epamusoro uye mashizha emakabheji, achisiya punctures akashata pavari;
- kukanganisa mbeu muvhu;
- kukanganisa hunde nematavi emiti;
- kuyamwa muto kubva kunhungirwa uye nhungirwa, semhedzisiro yevanofa vasati vawana nguva yekukura.
Zvisinei, pane zvikomborero kubva kune zvipembenene izvi: zvinotungamirira mararamiro akazaruka, zviri nyore kukura nekukura nokukurumidza, saka inoshandiswa sechinhu chemuenzaniso chezvidzidzo zve laboratory ye biochemistry uye endocrinology yezvipembenene, pamwe nekuongorora hutano hwezvakatipoteredza.
Nzira dzekutarisana nemakumbo matsvuku
Sezvo varwi vachiwedzera nekukurumidza uye vachikwanisa kukonzera kukanganisa kwakakomba kune kumhara, pachiratidzo chekutanga chekuonekwa kwavo, matanho anofanira kutorwa. Pane nzira dzakawanda dzekugadzirisa moto.
vavengi venyama
Izvi zvipembenene zvine vavengi vazhinji vepanyama, asi vanodzivirirwa kubva kwavari nemuvara wavo mutsvuku uye kukwanisa kubudisa kunhuhwirira kwakashata.
Muvara mutsvuku wakajeka mumasikirwo chiratidzo chokuti zvipembenene zvine chepfu uye hazvifaniri kudyiwa.
Kana musoja akapinda muwebhu, dandemutande zhinji rinorasa chaizvo nekuda kwe "kunhuhwirira" kwakapinza. Izvo zvinodzivirira zvezvipembenene hazviregi kunamatira mantises, shiri uye zviremwaremwa.
Makemikari
Mishonga yemakemikari inobata nyore nyore nezvipembenene, asi inofanira kurangarirwa kuti chero ipi zvayo inoramba iri muvhu uye pamiti. Pamusoro pezvo, masoja ane hunyanzvi hwekuvandudza kurwisa kune rumwe rudzi rwemushonga wezvipembenene, saka chizvarwa chechipiri chezvipembenene chichave chisina hanya nacho. .
Iwe unogona kuita maitiro iwe pachako, iyo inonyanya kushanda mishonga ndeye.
misungo yakareruka
Mabhedha anokwezvwa nechiedza - hunhu uhwu hwakavakirwa pamusimboti wekushanda kwemisungo yemwenje. Zvakakosha kuziva kuti nenzira iyi zvinokwanisika kuderedza huwandu hwezvipembenene, asi hazvizoshandi kuti zvibvise zvachose. Kazhinji, varume nevakadzi vasina kubereka vanowira mumisungo. Kune marudzi maviri emidziyo, chero ipi zvayo inogona kutengwa muchitoro:
- mwaranziwo zvayo - zvipembenene zvinokambaira muchiedza uye zvinonamatira panzvimbo inonamira;
- ultraviolet mwaranzi - chiedza chakadaro hachioneki kune ziso revanhu, uye chipembenene chinofa kubva kune mains.
Mimwe misungo inoshandisawo makemikari hupfu uye dzimwe nzira, semhedzisiro yekuti chipembenene chinotadza kufamba uye chinofa.
Folk nzira
Kuparadza varwi, unogona kushandisa nzira dzevanhu. Izvo hazvibatsiri semakemikari, asi zvakachengeteka kuvanhu, ivhu uye zvirimwa.
Mabikirwo anotevera airatidza kugona kukuru.
| Zvinoreva | Shandisa |
|---|---|
| Sipo mhinduro | 300 gr. Geza sipo yekuwachira wonyungudika mu10 litres. mvura inodziya. Pfaya zvirimwa uye ivhu nemhinduro inoguma uchishandisa bhodhoro rekupfapfaidza. |
| onion peel | Zadza chigadziko chikuru kusvika hafu nehanyanisi peel uye udire mvura. Simbisa mushonga kwemazuva 4-5 muimba ine rima. Mushure meizvozvo, simbisa mhinduro uye uishandise pakupfapfaidza zvirimwa. |
| wood ash | 200 gr. deredza nzira dziri mubhakiti remvura, shandisa nekuenzanisa nemaitiro anotsanangurwa pamusoro apa. |
| Manual collection | Unogona kungobata varwi, asi izvi hazvisi nyore kuita, sezvo ivo vanofamba nekukurumidza. Inokurudzirwa kugadzirira midziyo mberi kwekuparadzwa kwezvipembenene zvakakura. Zviri nani kupwanya vanhu vasina kuroora pazvirimwa ipapo ipapo, senge Colorado mbatata zvipembenene. |
| mabhandi ekuvhima | Mamhepo anokosha ane chepfu kana zvinhu zvinonamira zvakasungirirwa pamiti, izvo zvinoderedza kufamba kwezvipembenene. |
Nzira yekubvisa sei tsikidzi dzevarwi mumba uye mufurati
Mishonga yezvipembenene haina kukodzera kuparadzwa kwezvipembenene muimba.
- Nekudaro, iwe unogona kuedza kuvabvisa nerubatsiro rweakajairika dichlorvos.
- Vhiniga neparafini zvinoshandiswa kuvatsakatisa munzvimbo dzinogara vanhu. Inofanira kurapwa nemapuranga e skirting, makumbo efenicha uye dzimwe nzvimbo dzakavanzwa.
- Mukuwedzera, iwe unogona kushandisa decoctions yemiti inonhuwira (gavakava, tansy) kana kuparadzira matavi akaoma emiti iyi kumativi eimba. Kunhuhwirira kwakapinza kunovhundutsa zvipembenene.
- Vanhu vanogona kubatwa nemichina.
Kudzivirirwa kwekuonekwa kwetsikidzi-masoja
Kuita matanho ekudzivirira kunodzivirira imba nenzvimbo kubva mukupindirwa netsikidzi dzemoto.
Matanho aya anosanganisira:
- Kusakura mubindu nenguva, kubvisa sora nemarara ekudyara. Nekukura kweuswa, nhamba yezvipembenene uye mazai avo anowedzera. Uswa hunonyanya kupiswa.
- Usasiye zvigutsa zvakaora panzvimbo iyi, asi pakarepo uzvidzure.
- Usadyare alfalfa padivi pema legumes pane saiti - idzi ndidzo nzvimbo dzinodiwa dzemasoja.
- Dyara cimicifuga kutenderedza perimeter yesaiti (inozivikanwa simiti iyi inonzi "black cohosh"). Iwe unogonawo kudyara mishonga ine kunhuhwirira kwakasimba, segavakava.
- Cheka uswa nenguva - kureba kweuswa kunofanirwa kuve kushoma.
Zvimwe zvipembenene zvinowanzovhiringika netsikidzi dzemasoja
Iyo tsikidzi tsvuku inowanzo vhiringika nezvimwe zvipembenene zviviri.
Zvinofadza chokwadi pamusoro pezvipembenene zvitsvuku
- Munguva yechando, varwi, semhuka dzinoyamwisa, hibernate - inotangira kubva munaDecember kusvika March.
- Imwe neimwe koroni yezvipembenene ine nhamba yakakura zvikuru yevarume kupfuura vakadzi (kanenge ka3-4).
- Zvaimboitika kuti varwi nekurumwa kwavo vaigona kukonzera kukuvadza kusingagadzirisiki kuhutano hwevanhu, asi izvi handizvo: ivo kazhinji havakuvadzi uye havadi kuratidza mhando dzakasiyana dzehasha.
- Redbug inoburitsa kunhuhwirira kwakasimba kusingafadzi kunyangwe ikangokuvara, uye kana yakapwanyika, kunhuwa hakugoneki.
- Iwo mapatani ari pa predorsum anosiyana zvichienderana nenzvimbo yehupembenene; pamwe chete, kune angangoita makumi maviri nematatu emhando dzemapeteni.
- Kana kutonhora kwemhepo kwakaderera, ipapo mazai anoderera muhukuru uye maduku maduku anobuda kubva kwavari, ayo anowanzova vanyajambwa vehama. Kazhinji, cannibalism inowanzoitika mune zvipembenene izvi.
- Iyo X chromosome yakawanikwa muna 1891 naGerman biologist Hermann Hecking panguva yekuongorora maovari etoyi bug.
- Hadzi, inenge yakandira mazai, inoachengeta kwenguva yakati, nokudaro ichiratidza kuva nehanya nembeu yacho.