Shiri dzine utsinye kwazvo
Shrike ishiri dzinobva kuhurongwa Passeriformes, dzemhuri Laniidae.
Iro genus rakawanda ndiLanius, zita rayo rinobva pashoko rechiLatin rinoreva "butcher".
Shrikes anowanikwa kunyanya muEurasia neAfrica.
Imwe mhando inorarama New Guinea, marudzi maviri anowanikwa mu North America (pygmy shrike uye kuchamhembe shrike). Shrike haiwanikwe muSouth America kana Australia.
Parizvino, mhando nhatu dzeshrike dzinobereka muPoland: hanzi, uri kugunun'una i dema-face. Kusvika nguva pfupi yadarika, iyo dzvuku-musoro shrike zvakare yakagara. Vamiriri vakasarudzika ndeyerenje shrike uye Mediterranean shrike.
Shrike dzinogara munzvimbo dzakavhurika, kunyanya steppes uye savannas.
Mamwe marudzi anogara mumasango uye haawanzowaniki munzvimbo dzakavhurika. Dzimwe mhuka dzinoberekera munzvimbo dziri kuchamhembe muzhizha dzobva dzatamira kunzvimbo dzinodziya.
Kuti udzidze zvakawanda…
Shrike ishiri dziri pakati nepakati dzine grey, brown kana dema uye machena minhenga, dzimwe nguva dzine mavara akaita ngura.
Hurefu hwemarudzi mazhinji hunobva pa16 kusvika ku25 cm, chete genus Corvinella ine minhenga yakareba kwazvo yemuswe inogona kusvika pakureba kusvika masendimita makumi mashanu.
Miromo yadzo yakasimba uye yakakombamira kumagumo, kufanana neshiri dzinodya nyama, zvichiratidza hunhu hwadzo hunodya nyama. Muromo unoguma nekupinza kwakapinza, iyo inonzi "zino". Vane mapapiro mapfupi, akatenderedzwa uye muswe wakatsika. Inzwi ravanoita rinodedera.
Muzvinyorwa zvakasiyana-siyana, shrikes inowanzonzi Hannibal Lecter yeshiri kana shiri ine chisimba zvikuru munyika.
Shiri idzi dzinodya makonzo, shiri, zvinokambaira, mhuka dzinogara mumphibians nemakonye makuru. Vanogona kuvhima, semuenzaniso, thrush kana gonzo rechidiki.
Kuti udzidze zvakawanda…
Shiridzi dzinouraya mhuka dzemuzongoza nekubata kana kuboora mutsipa nemiromo yadzo uye nekuzunza mhuka yacho zvine simba.
Mhando nhatu dzeshrike dzinoberekera muPoland: shrike yakasviba-yakatarisana, iyo tsvuku-ruped shrike uye yakakura shrike.
Iyo Black-fronted Shrike (Lanius huru) inowanikwa kumabvazuva kwenyika, asi iyo yekupedzisira yakasimbiswa kubereka muPoland yakaitika muna 2010. Munguva yakapfuura yaive shiri yakapararira, muzana ramakore rechiXNUMX yaigara nzvimbo zhinji dzepasi rePoland, asi kubva pakutanga kwezana ramakore rechiXNUMX huwandu hwevanhu hwadzikira.
Mumakore ekuma80 huwandu hwevanhu hwaifungidzirwa kuti vangangosvika zana vaviri vaviri, asi muna 100-2008 vaingove 2012-1 pairs.
Black-fronted Shrike ishiri ine muviri wakamira uye muswe wakareba.
Pamusoro wayo ine mask yakafara matema, iyo muvanhu vakuru inovhara huma (guru-tailed shrike ine mutsara mutema chete pasi pemeso nemuganhu muchena kumusoro, uchisvika pahuma). Muviri nemusoro zvine grey-blue.
Pane girazi jena pabapiro uye nzvimbo chena pamuswe. Mudiki pane magipie, asi anoimba zvinonzwika kumupfuura. Inokwezva vanobatwa neruzha rwakasiyana-siyana, semagpie, ichivaita ivo vachibhururuka uye vachibhururuka mumhepo.
Iyo shrike ine-black-fronted inobereka kamwe pagore, pakupera kwaMay uye munaJune.
Dendere rakavakwa mukorona yemuti wakareba (kazhinji inenge mamita gumi pamusoro pevhu), muforogo yebazi, kwete kure ne trunk, kazhinji pamapopulari kana miti yemichero.
Mamiriro ezvinhu edendere reshiri iyi, kuwedzera kumidzi, matavi, mashizha akakora euswa neminhenga, miti mikuru mikuru yakasvibira yakarukwa pakati payo.
MuPoland, shrike yeblack-fronted imhuka yakachengetedzwa zvakasimba.
Mhere inowanzoitika ( Lanius collurio) ndiyo yakanyanya kuwanda muPoland.
Yakada kuenzana neshiri duku kana kuti shiri nhema, ine muviri mutete. Ane pachena dimorphism yepabonde. Murume ane mask yeblack pameso.
Inonyanya kuwanikwa muWestern Pomerania uye Lower Oder Valley, kunyange zvazvo inogona kuwanikwa munyika yose. Nzvimbo yaro inogara zuva, yakazaruka, nzvimbo dzakaoma dzine makwenzi ane minzwa, pamwe chete neheathlands, peat bogs uye marudzi ose emakwenzi.
Shiri ishiri dzinodyana.
Vanogara vakagara vasingapfakanyiki panzvimbo yakatwasuka. Zvakaoma kuona. Vanowanzogara pawaya, mapango kana pamusoro pemakwenzi, kubva kwavanotsvaka mhuka. Shiri inovhunduka ichizununguka ichirova muswe wayo.
Mukono unowanzo kutevedzera kurira kwedzimwe shiri, kazhinji kacho geese, saka zita remhando yeiyi shrike.
Kuenzaniswa nehukuru hwavo hudiki, shrikes inogona kubata zvinoshamisa zvikara zvakakura - vanogona kuvhima, semuenzaniso, datya.
MuPoland, mhuka iyi iri pasi pekuchengetedzwa kwakasimba kwezvipenyu, uye muRed Book reShiri dzePoland inorondedzerwa semhando yekusanyanya kunetseka (kufanana nemagpie makuru).
Iyo Great Grey Shrike ndiyo yakakura shrike muPoland.
Makuru ane makwapa anowanikwa munyika yose. Vanoda nzvimbo dzekurima dzine matinji ezvinomera zveko. Iko hakuna dimorphism yepabonde mumapapiro. Kushevedzera kwakajairika kwegondo guru kuridza muridzo wakaderera.
Kudya kukuru kwepiebalds kunosanganisira voles uye zvipembenene. Kana pane kushayikwa kwemavoles muzvokudya, vanovatsiva nedzimwe mhuka dzinoyamwisa kana shiri (mabhete, matiti, pipits, buntings, shiri duku, larks uye finches), zvishoma kazhinji - shiri dzakakura piebald yakakura; semuenzaniso, blackbirds. Kusiyana nemashrike, magpie makuru haadyi nhiyo dzawo.